2017年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯模擬題帶答案
2017年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯模擬題(一):中國(guó)地理
中國(guó)位于亞洲東部、太平洋的西岸,總面積約960萬(wàn)平方公里,是世界第三大國(guó)家。中國(guó)南北相距約5500公里,東西相距約5200公里,在地圖上的形狀像一只雄雞(rooster)。中國(guó)地勢(shì)(terrain)西高東低,地形多種多樣,包括山地、高原(plateau)、丘陵(foothill)、盆地、平原。中國(guó)山地面積廣大,幾乎占陸地面積的三分之二,蘊(yùn)藏著豐富的礦產(chǎn)資源。中國(guó)大陸海岸線長(zhǎng)達(dá)18000公里,沿海島嶼數(shù)量眾多,臺(tái)灣島是最大島嶼。中國(guó)有許多河流湖泊,是中國(guó)地理環(huán)境的重要組成部分。
參考翻譯:
Situated in eastern Asia, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, China is the world's third largest country with a total area of 9.6 million square kilometers. Extending about 5,500 kilometers from north to south and 5,200 kilometers from west to east, the shape of China on the map is like a rooster. Its terrain is higher in the west and lower in the east with great varieties, including mountains, plateaus, foothills, basins and plains. China's mountainous areas, broad and vast, occupy nearly two-thirds of the land area and have abundant mineral resources. Mainland China has a coastline of 18,000 kilometers and a large number of offshore islands, with Taiwan Island the biggest one. There are numerous rivers and lakes in China, which make up an important part of China's geographical environment.
1.第一句話中有三個(gè)短句,首先將“中國(guó)是世界第三大國(guó)家”確定為英文句的主干;“位于…譯成situated in...,用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),置于句首;“總面積約960萬(wàn)平方公里”可處理為with引導(dǎo)的介賓結(jié)構(gòu),緊跟在“世界第三大國(guó)家(theworld's third largest country)”之后。
2.第二句較長(zhǎng),同樣先確定“中國(guó)的形狀像一只雄雞”為句子主干,再將“中國(guó)南北相距約5500公里”和“東西相距約5200公里”處理為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),即extending about...from north to south and...from west to east。
3.“地形多種多樣”,可采用with引導(dǎo)的介賓短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá),譯成with great varieties,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明句子主語(yǔ)terrain 的特點(diǎn)。
4.第四句“中國(guó)山地…”中的“山地面積廣大”可處理成插人語(yǔ)broad and vast,而“幾乎占陸地面積…”和“蘊(yùn)藏著…”則譯成句子主干的兩個(gè)并列謂語(yǔ)occupy nearly...and have abundant...。
2017年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯模擬題(二):中國(guó)朝代
中國(guó)有4000多年的歷史,是世界最古老的文明之一。從公元前21世紀(jì)的夏朝開始至清朝結(jié)束,中國(guó)歷史上經(jīng)歷過(guò)幾十個(gè)朝代的變更。每個(gè)朝代在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、科技領(lǐng)域等都有獨(dú)特的成就。漢朝是當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最先進(jìn)的帝國(guó)。”漢族“(theHan Nationality)這一名稱就得名于漢朝。唐朝因統(tǒng)一時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、國(guó)力強(qiáng)盛而被國(guó)人銘記,因此在海外的中國(guó)人自稱為“唐人”(Tang people)。宋朝和明朝是經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、教育與科學(xué)高度繁榮的時(shí)代。但朝代的更替一般會(huì)導(dǎo)致連年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),給人民大眾帶來(lái)了難以言表的痛苦。
參考翻譯:
With a history of more than 4,000 years, China isone of the oldest ancient civilizations of the world.From Xia Dynasty in the 21st century BC to QingDynasty, China experienced dozens of dynasties inhistory. Each dynasty achieved uniqueaccomplishments in the fields of politics, economy, culture, science and technology, etc. HanDynasty was the most advanced empire at that time, which contributes to the formation ofthe name "the Han Nationality' Tang Dynasty impressed Chinese for its long time unificationand powerful national strength, because of which overseas Chinese call themselves "Tangpeople" abroad. Song Dynasty and Ming Dynasty were periods when economy, culture,education and science were highly prosperous. But the change from one dynasty to anotherusually led to long-lasting wars, which brought unspeakable suffering for the masses.
1.第一句話中有兩個(gè)分句,可將“是世界最古老的文明之一”作為主干;“有4000多年的歷史”可使用With引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá),即with a history of...。
2.第四句可將前半句“漢朝是當(dāng)時(shí)世界上最先進(jìn)的帝國(guó)”譯為英文的主句。后半句“漢族…得名于漢朝”可譯為which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,跟前句聯(lián)系起來(lái),理解為“漢朝對(duì)于漢族名稱的形成起了作用”。
3.第五句“唐朝因統(tǒng)一時(shí)間長(zhǎng)…”由兩個(gè)分句組成,可將“統(tǒng)一時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、國(guó)力強(qiáng)盛”作為英文的主句;后接which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,為了突出“因此”,可在which前加because of;“在海外的中國(guó)人自稱…”這個(gè)分句里沒(méi)有主語(yǔ),因此要采用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)來(lái)翻譯。
4.“宋朝和明朝是…繁榮的時(shí)代”一句中,“時(shí)代”的定語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng),因此可處理為when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,用來(lái)修飾 periods。
5.末句可將“朝代的更替一般會(huì)導(dǎo)致連年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)”處理為主句;將后半句“給人們…痛苦”處理為伴隨狀語(yǔ) bringing unspeakable suffering for the masses,也可使用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表達(dá)。
2017年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯模擬題(三):漢朝
漢朝建于公元前202年,是中國(guó)歷史上存在時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的朝代之一,分為西漢與東漢兩個(gè)階段。漢朝被稱為黃金時(shí)代,在經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、藝術(shù)和科技等各個(gè)方面均創(chuàng)造了輝煌的文明。漢朝奠定了漢民族的民族文化,西漢所尊崇的儒家思想(Confucianism)成為中國(guó)的主流思想。在西漢時(shí)期,商業(yè)貿(mào)易蓬勃發(fā)展,絲綢之路(the Silk Road)的開辟就是一個(gè)重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)成就。技術(shù)進(jìn)步也是漢朝的重要成就,中國(guó)兩個(gè)偉大發(fā)明,造紙和瓷器(porcelain)是在這一時(shí)期發(fā)展起來(lái)的。220年?yáng)|漢滅亡,漢朝統(tǒng)治結(jié)束。
參考翻譯:
Han Dynasty, founded in 202 BC, was one of thelongest dynasties in Chinese history. It was dividedinto two periods: the Western Han Dynasty and theEastern Han Dynasty. Considered a golden age, HanDynasty created a glorious civilization in variousaspects, including economy, culture, art as well as science and technology, etc. Han Dynastylaid a foundation for the ethnic culture of the Han Nationality, and Confucianism respected bythe Western Han Dynasty became the mainstream ideology of China. Business and tradeflourished during the Western Han Dynasty, with the opening of the Silk Road as an importanteconomic achievement.Technological advances were also great achievement in this period. Itwas during this time that two great Chinese inventions, papermaking and porcelain, weredeveloped. In 220, the Eastern Han Dynasty collapsed and the ruling of Han Dynasty ended.
1.第一句話中有三個(gè)短句,為避免譯成英文時(shí)句子顯得冗長(zhǎng),可處理為兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子。第一個(gè)短句“建于公元前202年”譯成founded in 202 BC,作插入語(yǔ)。“分為西漢與東漢兩個(gè)階段”獨(dú)立成句,增譯主語(yǔ)it,用以指代漢朝。
2.“漢朝被稱為黃金時(shí)代”譯為considered a golden age,用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),代替狀語(yǔ)從句,這樣顯得句式簡(jiǎn)潔而又靈活。
3.第四句“在西漢時(shí)期…”由兩個(gè)短句組成,可將“商業(yè)貿(mào)易蓬勃發(fā)展”作為句子主干,將“絲綢之路的開辟是…”處理成with引導(dǎo)的介賓結(jié)構(gòu),作伴隨狀語(yǔ),即譯成with the opening up of the Silk Road as an importanteconomic achievement。
4.“技術(shù)進(jìn)步也是漢朝的重要成就”這一句話較長(zhǎng),可拆譯成兩個(gè)句子。“中國(guó)兩個(gè)偉大發(fā)明是在這一時(shí)期…”可用強(qiáng)調(diào)句It was...that...表達(dá)。
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