2017年大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)題(一)：岳陽樓

　　岳陽樓(Yueyang Tower)矗立在湖南省岳陽市洞庭湖岸邊，是“江南三大名樓”之一，另外兩座分別是滕王閣(TengwangPavilion)和黃鶴樓(Yellow Crane Tower)。自古以來，岳陽樓一直有“岳陽天下?lián)А敝Q，與有“洞庭天下水”之稱的洞庭湖齊名。最初岳陽樓主要是軍用的，用于指揮海上艦隊(duì)以及舉行閱兵儀式 (military review)。著名的《岳陽樓記》由北宋偉大的作家范仲淹所作，它使岳陽樓聲名遠(yuǎn)播，成為中國南方著名的景點(diǎn)。岳陽樓的結(jié)構(gòu)在中國古代建筑史上是獨(dú)一無二的，具有無與倫比的藝術(shù)價(jià)值。

　　參考翻譯:

　　Standing on the shore of Dongting Lake in YueyangCity of Hunan Province, Yueyang Tower is one of the“three famous towers in the south of the YangtzeRiver”，the other two being Tengwang Pavilion andthe Yellow Crane Tower.Since ancient times, YueyangTower has been enjoying the title of “the best tower on this planet”，having equal status with“the best lake on earth”一Dongting Lake. Originally, Yueyang Tower was mainly for military useas directing marine troops and for military reviews. The well-known On Yueyang Tower by thegreat writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan, brought great fame to YueyangTower far and wide, making it a well-known scenic spot in South China. The structure ofYueyang Tower is unique in the architectural history of ancient China, holding unparalleledartistic values.

　　1.矗立在湖南省岳陽市洞庭湖岸邊：可譯為Standing on the shore of Dongting Lake in Yueyang City of Hunan Province。現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表明岳陽樓的位置。

　　2.江南三大名樓：看似比較難翻譯，但實(shí)際上“江南”就是“長江南邊”，“三大名樓”就是“三個(gè)有名的‘樓’”，譯為three famous towers in the south of the Yangtze River即可。

　　3.“岳陽天下樓”和“洞庭天下水”：這句也一樣，可譯出其表達(dá)的意思即可，譯為 the best tower on this planet和the best lake on earth。

　　4.與...齊名：可譯為 having equal status with…

　　5.使岳陽樓聲名遠(yuǎn)播，成為中國南方著名的景點(diǎn)：可譯為brought great fame to Yueyang Tower far and wide, making it a well-known scenic spot in South China。

　　6.獨(dú)一無二的：譯為unique即可，還可以用unmatched表達(dá)。

　　2017年大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)題(二)：四合院

　　四合院(quadranglecourtyard),又稱四合房，是中國傳統(tǒng)的房屋建筑。四合院是由四面的房子圍合起來形成的院落。一般而言，大四合院中的房屋較多。北京四合院是最典型的四合院,也被認(rèn)為是真正意義上的四合院。北京四合院寬敞開闊，陽光充足。除北京外，中國北方其他地方也以四合院為主要的民居(residence)形式。由于氣候、建筑材料、文化傳統(tǒng)等因素的差異,不同地區(qū)的四合院也會(huì)呈現(xiàn)出不同的特色。

　　參考翻譯:

　　The quadrangle courtyard, also called thequadrangle house, is a traditional building in China.The quadrangle courtyard has rooms built on eachof the four sides, with the rooms completelyenclosing the courtyard. In general,largercourtyards have more rooms. The Beijing courtyards are the most typical ones and generallyconsidered to be the quadrangle courtyards in real sense. Beijing courtyards are spacious andsunny. Beside Beijing, the quadrangle courtyard is also the main style of residence in someplaces in northern China.The characteristics of quadrangle courtyards around the country varydepending on factors such as climate, building materials and cultural tradition.

　　1.傳統(tǒng)的房屋建筑：可譯為traditional building。

　　2.四合院是由四面房子圍合起來形成的院落：可理解為“四合院四面都有房子,由這些房子圍成一個(gè)院落”，前半句可譯為The quadrangle courtyard has rooms built on eachof the four sides,后半句可使用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，譯為withthe rooms completely enclosing the courtyard。

　　3.北京四合院是最典塑的四合院：可譯為The Beijiiigcourtyards are the most typical ones…或Beijing courtyards are typical quadrangle courtyards...

　　2017年大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)題(三)：布達(dá)拉宮

　　布達(dá)拉宮(the Potala Palace)坐落在西藏拉薩西北角瑪布日山(Mountain Maburi)上，是一座融宮殿、寺宇和靈塔于一體的巨大建筑。據(jù)說它是松贊干布 (Songtsen Gampo)為迎娶文成公主而建的。布達(dá)拉宮具有鮮明的藏式風(fēng)格，依山而建，氣勢(shì)雄偉。髙115米，共13層。主體建筑分紅、白兩宮，紅宮居中，白宮居兩側(cè)。紅宮有歷代__喇嘛(Dalai Lama)的靈塔(coffin tower)和各類佛堂及經(jīng)堂(scripture shrine);白宮部分是__喇嘛處理政務(wù)和生活居住的地方。布達(dá)宮堪稱一座建筑藝術(shù)與佛教藝術(shù)的博物館。

　　參考翻譯:

　　The Potala Palace is located on Mountain Maburi inthe northwest of Lhasa in Tibet. It's a large buildingembodying palace, temple and coffin tower. It is saidthat the Potala Palace was built by Songtsen Gampofor his marriage to Princess Wencheng. The PotalaPalace is characteristic of a distinct Tibetan style. Built on the mountain, it looksmagnificent.It is 115 meters high and has a total of 13 floors. The main body is divided into theRed Palace and the White Palace, with the former inthe middle and the latter on either side. TheRed Palace contains coffin towers for all Dalai Lamas in the past dynasties and all kinds ofBuddhist temples and scripture shrines. The White Palace is where Dalai Lama works and lives.The Potala Palace can be called a museum both of architectural and Buddhist art.

　　1.松贊干布為迎娶文成公主而建的：即“布達(dá)拉宮是松贊干布建的，為了迎娶文成公主”，其中“為了迎娶”可譯為for one'smarriage to。

　　2.鮮明的藏式風(fēng)格：“鮮明的”可用distinct表達(dá);“藏式風(fēng)格”可譯為Tibetan style。

　　3.依山而建，氣勢(shì)雄偉：“依山而建”即“建在山上”，可譯為be built on the mountain;“氣勢(shì)雄偉”即“看上去很宏偉”，可譯為it looks magnificent。

　　4.紅宮居中，白宮居兩側(cè)：本句可使用with引導(dǎo)的復(fù)令結(jié)構(gòu)，“居兩側(cè)”譯為on either side。

　　5.歷代__喇嘛：即“所有過去朝代的__喇嘛”，即all Dalai Lamas in the past dynasties。

　　6.靈塔：即“供秦和收藏活佛、上師法體或骨灰的一種佛塔”，可譯為coffintower。

　　7.__喇嘛處理政務(wù)和生活居住的地方：其中“…的地方”可用where引導(dǎo)的 表語從句;“處理政務(wù)”譯為work即可。

　　8.堪稱：可譯為can be called。

　　2017年大學(xué)英語六級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)題(四)：茉莉花

　　據(jù)說《茉莉花》(Jasmine Flower)是流傳到海外的第一首中國民歌。許多國外學(xué)者在研究中國音樂史時(shí)都提到了《茉莉花》，不少外國人學(xué)唱中文歌時(shí)首選這首歌。2004年雅典奧運(yùn)會(huì)(Athens Olympics)閉幕式上， 一位中國小姑娘唱起《茉莉花》，給所有觀眾留下了深刻的印象。2008年北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)，《茉莉花》被選為頒獎(jiǎng)典禮(awarding ceremony)的音樂。這首歌帶給我們美好藝術(shù)享受的同時(shí)也帶給我們驕傲。

　　參考答案：

　　Jasmine Flower is said to be the first Chinese folksong introduced to foreign countries. A lot ofscholars abroad have mentioned Jasmine Flowerwhen they study the history of Chinese music. It isthe first choice for many foreigners who would like tolearn to sing Chinese songs. In closing ceremony ofthe 2004 Athens Olympics, a Chinese girl sang this song, which greatly impressed all theaudiences. In 2008 Beijing Olympics, it was chosen as the music played in awarding ceremony.This song brings us both great artistic enjoyment and pride.

　　1.第1句“據(jù)說《茉莉花》是……第一首中國民歌”可譯為It issaid that Jasmine flower is the first…，但不如譯文說的Jasmine Flower is said to be the first……來得簡單。定語“流傳到海外的”較長，故將其處理成后置定語，用表被動(dòng)的過去分詞短語introduced to foreign countries來表達(dá)。

　　2.第2句中的“在研究中國音樂史時(shí)”為時(shí)間狀語，處理成從句，英譯時(shí)需增譯出從句主語they，表達(dá)為whenthey study the history of Chinese music，置于主句之后。“不少外國人學(xué)唱中文歌時(shí)首選這首歌”可逐字對(duì)譯為 many foreigners who would like to learn to sing Chinese songs would first choose thissong，但譯文繁冗拗口。根據(jù)“漢語多用動(dòng)詞，英語多用名詞”的表達(dá)差異，考慮將“首選這首歌”譯為the firstchoice，用結(jié)構(gòu) it is the first choice for sb.譯出。

　　3.第3句中的“給所有現(xiàn)眾留下了深刻的印象”可用并列結(jié)構(gòu)and greatly impressed…，但不如將其處理成非限制性定語從句好，譯作which greatly impressed all the audiences更能體現(xiàn)原文的邏輯關(guān)系。

　　4.最后一句“這首歌帶給我們…的同時(shí)也…”可套用句型sth brings sb. both…and…，故譯為This songbrings us both great artistic enjoyment and pride.

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