2017年大學(xué)英語六級翻譯練習(xí)題(一)：中國古代神話

　　請將下面這段話翻譯成英文：

　　盡管中國古代神話(mythology)沒有十分完整的情節(jié)，神話人物也沒有系統(tǒng)的家譜(genealogy)，但它們卻有著鮮明的東方文化特色，其中尤為顯著的是它的尚德精神(the spirit of esteeming virtue)。這種尚德精神在與西方神話特別是希臘神話比較時，顯得更加突出。在西方神話尤其是希臘神話中，對神的褒貶標(biāo)準(zhǔn)多以智慧、力量為準(zhǔn)則，而中國古代神話對神的褒貶則多以道德為準(zhǔn)繩。這種思維方式深植于中國的文化之中。幾千年來，這種尚德精神影響著人們對歷史人物的品評與現(xiàn)實人物的期望。

　　參考譯文：

　　Although ancient Chinese mythology does not have relatively complete plot and mythological figures don't have systematic genealogy,they have distinct features of oriental culture,among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant.When compared with Western mythology,especially Greek mythology,this spirit of esteeming virtue is even more prominent.In Western mythology, especially Greek mythology,the criteria for judging whether a god is good or not are mostly the god's wisdom and strength,while in ancient Chinese mythology,the criterion lies in morality.This way of thinking is deeply rooted in Chinese culture.For thousands of years,this spirit of esteeming virtue has affected people's comments on historical figures and expectations of real people.

　　詞句點撥

　　1.神話人物:可譯為mythological figures。

　　2.系統(tǒng)的家譜:可譯為systematic genealogy。其中systematic意為系統(tǒng)的，是system的形容詞形式。

　　3.其中尤為顯著的是它的尚德精神:將此句譯為定語從句among which the spirit of esteeming virtue is particularly significant,承接前一句，可以使譯文結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊，邏輯更加清晰。

　　2017年大學(xué)英語六級翻譯練習(xí)題(二)：四合院

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　　四合院(quadranglecourtyard),又稱四合房，是中國傳統(tǒng)的房屋建筑。四合院是由四面的房子圍合起來形成的院落。一般而言，大四合院中的房屋較多。北京四合院是最典型的四合院,也被認(rèn)為是真正意義上的四合院。北京四合院寬敞開闊，陽光充足。除北京外，中國北方其他地方也以四合院為主要的民居(residence)形式。由于氣候、建筑材料、文化傳統(tǒng)等因素的差異,不同地區(qū)的四合院也會呈現(xiàn)出不同的特色。

　　參考翻譯:

　　The quadrangle courtyard,also called thequadrangle house,is a traditional building in China.The quadrangle courtyard has rooms built on eachof the four sides,with the rooms completelyenclosing the courtyard. In general,largercourtyards have more rooms.The Beijing courtyards are the most typical ones and generallyconsidered to be the quadrangle courtyards in real sense.Beijing courtyards are spacious andsunny.Beside Beijing,the quadrangle courtyard is also the main style of residence in someplaces in northern China.The characteristics of quadrangle courtyards around the country varydepending on factors such as climate,building materials and cultural tradition.

　　1.傳統(tǒng)的房屋建筑：可譯為traditional building。

　　2.四合院是由四面房子圍合起來形成的院落：可理解為“四合院四面都有房子,由這些房子圍成一個院落”，前半句可譯為The quadrangle courtyard has rooms built on eachof the four sides,后半句可使用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，譯為withthe rooms completely enclosing the courtyard。

　　3.北京四合院是最典塑的四合院：可譯為The Beijiiigcourtyards are the most typical ones…或Beijing courtyards are typical quadrangle courtyards...

　　2017年大學(xué)英語六級翻譯練習(xí)題(三)：賀歲片

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　　“賀歲片”(New Year films)一詞是由香港傳入內(nèi)地的。賀歲片是指在元旦、春節(jié)期間上映的電影。歡樂和放松是觀眾在逢年過節(jié)、尤其是春節(jié)期間普遍的追求,這就決定了賀歲片的風(fēng)格:輕松、幽默，具有強(qiáng)烈的觀賞性和娛樂性。因此賀歲片多與百姓節(jié)日期間喜慶的生活和習(xí)俗相關(guān),形式多是娛樂性、消遣性較強(qiáng)的喜劇片和動作片。賀歲片不僅為節(jié)日增加了喜慶氣氛，還帶給觀眾不斷的笑聲和頗多愉悅。

　　參考譯文:

　　The phrase New Year films was spread to mainland from Hong Kong.New Year films refer to films shown/released during the New Year or the Spring Festival.It is a common pursuit of the audience to be happy and relaxed during festivals,especially the Spring Festival.This decides the style of New Year films:easy,humorous and highly valuable in appreciation and entertainment.So New Year films are related to people's happy life and customs during festivals,and most of them are recreational comedies and action movies.New Year films not only add joyous atmosphere to festivals,but also bring continuous laughter and much pleasure to the audience.

　　1.由香港傳入內(nèi)地的:可使用被動語態(tài)翻譯，即be spreadto mainland from Hong Kong。

　　2.在元旦、春節(jié)期間上映的電影:此處可用過去分詞shown或released作定語修飾films,即films shown/releasedduring New Year or the Spring Festival,使得譯文結(jié)構(gòu)更緊湊，表意更明確。

　　3.具有強(qiáng)烈的觀賞性和娛樂性:結(jié)合前面的并列成分，此處可譯highly valuable in appreciation and entertainment。

　　4.與…相關(guān):翻譯時可使用短語be related to。

　　5.娛樂性、消遣性較強(qiáng)的喜劇片和動作片:可譯為recreational comedies and action movies。其中comedies和action movies分別意為“喜劇片”和“動作片”。

　　6.喜慶氣氛:可譯為joyous atmosphere。

　　2017年大學(xué)英語六級翻譯練習(xí)題(四)：北京胡同

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　　人們說，真正的北京文化是胡同(hutong)和四合院(quadrangle courtyard)文化。它們比髙樓大吸引的海內(nèi)外游客更多。現(xiàn)在，胡同已經(jīng)成為北京文化的代表，因此對于想了解當(dāng)?shù)氐臍v史文化的人來說，胡同是首選。胡同是蒙古詞，意思是“水井”。在元朝，蒙古人髙度重視水，所以幾乎每一個城市社區(qū)都圍繞一口井設(shè)計。直到今天，人們?nèi)匀豢梢栽诤姓业娇菥Ｃ織l小巷中都有故亊。在古代，它們的名宇是口口相傳的，胡同里沒有路標(biāo)(signpost)。直到明、清兩代， 胡同的名字才逐漸被書寫下來。

　　參考翻譯:

　　People say that the real culture of Beijing is theculture of hutong and quadrangle courtyards.Theyattract more tourists from home and abroad than thehigh-rise buildings and large mansions.Now hutongshave become representatives of Beijing's culture;thus it is the first choice for people who would like to learn about the local history andculture.Hutong is a Mongolian word meaning “well”.In the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians attachedgreat importance to water, so almost every community in the city was designed around awell.Until now, one can still find dry wells in hutongs. Where there is such a lane, there is astory.In ancient times,the names of them were passed from mouth to mouth among people;there were no signposts in hutongs.It was not until the Ming and Qing Dynasties that thenames of hutongs were written down gradually.

　　1.四合院：可譯為quadrangle courtyard,也可以用courtyard house或者courtyard表達(dá)。

　　2.高樓大廈：此處可譯為the high-rise buildings andlarge mansions,即“高層建筑和大廈”。

　　3.成為...的代表：可譯為become representatives of。

　　4.首選：可譯為first choice,而best choice則意為“最佳選擇”。

　　5.高度重視：可譯為attach great importance to。其中importance也可以用much修飾。

　　6.每條小巷中都有故亊：可譯為Where there is such a lane, there is a story.地道，又與眾不同。

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