六級翻譯練習(xí)試題原文：算盤

　　The abacus is a great invention in ancient China. Inthe old times, people used small rods to count, Withthe social development, numbers needed tocalculate were increasingly greater, which made itimpossible for the rods to fulfill the task. Thus,people invented a more advanced calculating devicethe abacus. Since it was convenient to use and easy to learn，the abacus was widely used inChina. On the basis of the abacus, there came the mental abacus with the image of anabacus in mind to calculate the figures.

　　六級翻譯練習(xí)試題詞匯：

　　1.第1句由3個短句構(gòu)成，第1個短句譯成介詞短語Withthesocial development或連詞as引出的從句As the societydeveloped;第2個短句可處理為主句，當(dāng)中的定語“需要計算的”可譯為分詞短語 needed to calculate，作后置定語;第3個短句則處理成用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，套用make it impossible for sb./sth. to do sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)，譯成which made it impossible for the rods to fulfill the task，為了避免重復(fù)，把“完成計算”轉(zhuǎn)譯成了“完成任務(wù)”。

　　2.第4句中破折號后的內(nèi)容“算盤”是前面“更為高級的計算工具”的同位語，譯文處也可用破折號引出。

　　3.第5句中的“由于算盤操作方便、簡單易學(xué)”可套用英語常用句式It is+ a. + to do sth.，譯為Since it wasconvenient to use and easy to learn。雖然中文出現(xiàn)了“由于......因此......”,但譯為英語時不能同時出現(xiàn)“Since... so...”。

　　4.最后一句中的“有人發(fā)展了珠心算”如果逐字對譯為someonehas developed...則顯晦澀，且主語“有人”無需強調(diào)，故轉(zhuǎn)換主語為“珠心算”,用there came句型，表存現(xiàn)狀態(tài)。“即把算盤的形象……”是對“珠心算”的補充說明，可用介詞短語 with the image of an abacus in mind to calculate the figures 來表達(dá)。

　　六級翻譯練習(xí)試題原文：杭州

　　杭州是浙江省的省會城市的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化中心。杭州歷史悠久，是中國著名的七大古都之一。杭州也是著名的旅游城市，被譽為人間天堂(paradise)，意大利旅行家馬可?波羅(Macro Polo)曾稱贊它為“世界上最美麗華貴之城”。位于市中心的西湖景區(qū)以其秀麗的湖光山色和眾多的歷史遺跡聞名中外。杭州特產(chǎn)眾多，其中以絲綢和茶葉最受歡迎。

　　Hangzhou, the capital city of Zhejiang Province, is the provincial center of politics, economy and culture. With a long history, Hangzhou is one of the famous seven ancient capitals in China. It is also a well-known tourist city hailed as "the paradise on earth". Italian traveler Macro Polo once admired Hangzhou as "the most splendid and luxury city in the world". Located in the center of the city, the West Lake scenic spot is world-famous for its beautiful lakes and mountains and many historical relics. Hangzhou boasts numerous special local products, among which silk and tea are the most popular.

　　六級翻譯練習(xí)試題詞匯：

　　1.第1句“杭州是......，是......”如依照原文采用并列結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)為Hangzhou is the capital city of Zhejiang Province,and is...，則稍顯平淡，不如將“是浙江省得省會城市”處理成“杭州”的同位語來得簡潔和有層次感，譯為Hangzhou,the capital city of Zhejiang Province, is...定語“政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化”可用介詞短語 of politics, economy and culture來表達(dá)。

　　2.第2句“杭州歷史悠久，是中國著名的……之一”可用并列結(jié)構(gòu)譯為Hangzhouhas a long history and isone of...，但結(jié)構(gòu)較松散，不如將前半句處理為狀語，用介詞短語With a long history來表達(dá)，使譯文更有 邏輯性、結(jié)構(gòu)更緊湊。

　　3.第4句中的“位于市中心的”可處理為地點狀語，用分詞短語locatedin the center of the city來譯出。“以其秀麗的湖光山色和眾多的歷史遺跡聞名中外”可套用be world-famous for...(以......聞名世界)的結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)。“眾多的”可用many或numerous來表達(dá)。

　　4.最后一句的主干為“杭州特產(chǎn)眾多”，可將其作為主句，其中“特產(chǎn)眾多”意即“有眾多特產(chǎn)”，因此翻譯為Hangzhou boasts numerous special local products。而“其中以絲綢和茶葉最受歡迎”為補充說明“特產(chǎn) 眾多”的內(nèi)容，可用among which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句來表達(dá)，譯作among which and tea are themost popular。