六級翻譯練習題：戲曲文化

　　六級翻譯講解：

　　1.要了解中國文化，就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解：該句沒有給出明確的主語，因而在翻譯時要注意：增譯主語you。“中國的戲曲文化”可譯為the Chinese opera culture。

　　2.中國地方戲種類很多，其中京劇是一個具有代表性的劇種：該句在翻譯時可以采用非限定性定語從句結構。該句可譯為：In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one.注意此處為了避免在前后分句中重復使用名詞opera而在后半句中使用了名詞性替代詞 one。

　　3.京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養的基礎上形成的：“在……的基礎上形成”如果直接譯為be formed on the I basis of...會稍顯生硬，因而可以靈活譯為originate from...。“地方戲”可以直譯為local opera。

　　4.念白：“念白”指的是中國戲曲中人物的獨白或者兩者的對話，因而此處在翻譯時可將其靈活譯為the I spoken parts。

　　5.胡琴：這一特有名詞在英文中并沒有直接對應的詞匯或表達，因而可以采用漢語拼音表示。

　　6.它不僅為北京的觀眾所鐘愛，也受到全國人民的喜愛：“不僅也 ”常用not only…but also…來表達。此處句中的“鐘愛”和“喜愛”同義，在翻譯后半部分內容時可以將與前半部分重復的內容省略，故該部分內容可譯為：it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country。

　　六級翻譯參考譯文：

　　To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture. In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one. As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and I860. Peking opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas. In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles; the spoken parts are in Beijing dialect; and huqin, is the main accompaniment instrument. Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.

　　六級翻譯練習題：北京胡同

　　北京有無數的胡同(hutong)。平民百姓在胡同里的生活給古都北京帶來了無窮的魅力。北京的胡同不僅僅是平民百姓的生活環境，而且還是一門建筑藝術。通常，胡同內有一個大雜院，房間夠4到10個家庭的差不多20 口人住。所以，胡同里的生活充滿了友善和人情味。如今，隨著社會和經濟的飛速發展，很多胡同被新的高樓大廈所取代。但愿胡同可以保留下來。

　　六級翻譯講解：

　　1.帶來了無窮的魅力：翻譯為bring endless charm to。

　　2.漢語習慣于用并列的散句或短語來表達一個語境，而英文習慣上用整句表述，句內不太重要的信息會用介詞短語或從句來補充說明，如本段中“胡同內有一個大雜院，房間夠4到10個家庭的差不多20口人住”是： 兩個并列關系的漢語短句，翻譯成英文時可將第二句用with介詞結構表達出來，起補充說明的作用。

　　3.充滿友善和人情味：翻譯為full of friendliness and genuine humanity。

　　4.隨著社會和經濟的飛速發展：翻譯為with rapid social and economic development，也是with介詞短語的應 用，在句中作伴隨狀語。

　　六級翻譯參考譯文：

　　In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.