參考譯文：

　　Chinese dishes are world-famous, and the dishnames are humorous, interesting and full of wits,fully embodying the wisdom of Chinese people. Manydishes are named with elegant and magnificentcharacters and are full of auspicious and festiveatmosphere. For example, the bean seedling is called “dragon beard”， egg is called“Confederate rose” or “phoenix”，chicken claw is called “phoenix talon”，tofu is called“whitejade” and so on.Many dish names are in luxurious style and their beauty is beyond words. Forexample，there is a soup called “soup of pearl, agate and jade”，but its ingredients are onlytofu, tomatoes and vegetables. Some dish names express congratulation or symbolizeauspiciousness, such as pork ribs fried with bamboo shoots is called “higher and higher' Somedish names are idioms，such as turnip strips with a red pepper is called “looking for plumflowers while treading on the snow”.

　　1.中國(guó)菜舉世聞名…智慧:首句中，“舉世聞名”可譯為world-famous，“詼諧有趣，妙趣橫生”可譯為humorous，interesting and full of wits，充滿中國(guó)人的智慧”可譯為embodying the wisdom of Chinesepeople，是非謂語(yǔ)形式作狀語(yǔ)。

　　2.充滿吉祥喜慶之氣:可譯為foil of auspicious andfestive atmosphere。

　　3.美不可言:按照英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣譯成their beauty is beyond words。beyond—姆 漢英翻譯中十分常見，比如“無法控制”表達(dá)為beyond control。

　　4.珍珠瑪瑙翡翠湯:可譯為soup of pearl，agate and jade。其中pearl意為“珍珠”，agate意為“瑪竭”，jade意為“玉，翡翠”。

　　5.踏雪尋梅:可譯為lookingfor plum flowers while treading on the snow。其 tread on表示“踩著，踏著”的意思。

　　同一種動(dòng)物在東西方不同的文化背景下所表達(dá)的含義不盡相同。在西方人眼里，蝙蝠就是一個(gè)邪惡、丑陋的吸血鬼(bloodsucker)。但是在我國(guó)南方，舊式住 宅的門上常常雕刻著蝙蝠，因?yàn)轵鹗呛眠\(yùn)、健康、財(cái)富、幸福的象征。西方人認(rèn) 為孔雀走起路來總是趾高氣揚(yáng)，目中無人，頭冠(crown)頻頻擺動(dòng)，還不時(shí)開屏炫耀其美麗，這是“驕傲”、“虛榮”的表現(xiàn)。而中國(guó)人認(rèn)為孔雀開屏是喜慶吉祥的象征，所以人們常用孔雀比喻美麗的人或事物。

　　參考譯文：

　　The same animal in different culture backgroundsbetween the East and the West respectivelyexpresses different meanings. To the West, bats areevil, ugly bloodsucker; but in southern China, batsare often carved on the doors of the old houses,because they are symbols of fortune, health, wealth and happiness. Westerners generallybelieve that the peacock always walks around with her nose in the air, swinging its crownrepeatedly, and shows off its beautiful tail frequently.These are signs of pride and vanity. Incontrast,Chinese think it symbolizes joy and luck that the peacock spreads its tail. So peopleoften compare the peacock to beautiful persons or things.

　　1.東西方不同的文化背景:可譯為different culturebackgrounds between the East and the West。

　　2.上雕刻著:可譯為被動(dòng)形式be carved on…

　　3.走起路來總是趾高氣揚(yáng)，目中無人:可簡(jiǎn)譯為alwayswalks around with her nose in the air。with one'snose in the air即有“目中無人地”意思。

　　4.孔雀開屏:可譯為 the peacock spreads its tail。

　　5.用...比喻:可譯為compare…to…

　　愛國(guó)精神(patriotism)是指熱愛祖國(guó)和愿意為之犧牲，是我們?cè)u(píng)價(jià)一個(gè)人的品德和行為的必要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。雖然，中國(guó)人的愛國(guó)精神在不同的歷史時(shí)期有著不同的具體內(nèi)容和特點(diǎn)，但一直都和熱愛祖國(guó)、熱愛家鄉(xiāng)、熱愛人民聯(lián)系在一起。愛國(guó)精神是一種偉大的凝聚力(cohesive force)。當(dāng)國(guó)家被人侵或者出現(xiàn)分裂的局面時(shí)，人們總能在愛國(guó)精神的影響下，從國(guó)家和民族的大義出發(fā)，維護(hù)國(guó)家團(tuán)結(jié)和統(tǒng)一。同時(shí),愛國(guó)精神也是催人奮進(jìn)的強(qiáng)大精神力量，鼓舞著人們?yōu)樽鎳?guó)和人民建功立業(yè)。

　　參考譯文：

　　Patriotism,which refers to the love of one's countryand the willingness to sacrifice for it,is a necessarycriterion for us to evaluate one's virtue andconduct.Although Chinese people's patriotism hasdifferent contents and features in different historicalperiods,it's always associated with the love for the country,hometown,and people. Patriotism isa great cohesive force.When the country is invaded or split,people can always defend nationalunity and unification from the overall interests of the state and thejusticial cause of theChinese nation under the influence of patriotism. Meanwhile,patriotism is a strong andinspiring mental power that encourages people to render remarkable services and establisha distinguished career for the people and the country.

　　1.是指:即…refer to。而refer to…as…意為“把…稱作…”。

　　2.在不同的歷史時(shí)期:即in different historical periods。其中historical periods 意為“歷史時(shí)期”。

　　3.凝聚力:即cohesive force。cohesive意為“緊密結(jié)合的”。

　　4.在…的影響下:可譯為under the influence of...

　　5.和…聯(lián)系在一起:可譯為be associated with...或beconnected with...