英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯指導(dǎo)及練習(xí)(18)
時(shí)間:
未知2
翻譯
固定搭配是六級(jí)漢英翻譯試題部分考查的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。考生在復(fù)習(xí)備考的過(guò)程中一定要注意加強(qiáng)積累,才能在考試中熟練地運(yùn)用。今后每期將有二十到三十個(gè)固定搭配,太簡(jiǎn)單的(比方a few 有些,幾個(gè))我就直接無(wú)視掉了,每天記住幾個(gè)就OK了,而且很多我們也學(xué)過(guò)。這樣在考試前我們能掌握近五百個(gè)搭配。
abide by 履行,遵守
abstain from 戒除,棄權(quán),避開(kāi)
account for 說(shuō)明......的原因,是......的原因
accuse...of... 控告;譴責(zé)
adapt for 調(diào)整
adapt to 適應(yīng)
admit to 讓......享有
add up to 合計(jì)達(dá),總括起來(lái),意味著
adhere to 粘附,膠著,堅(jiān)持
agree about 對(duì)......有相同看法
agree on/upon 取得一致意見(jiàn)
agree with 與......相一致,適合
aim at 目的在于,旨在;瞄準(zhǔn),企圖
allow for 考慮到,估計(jì),為......留出余地
apply one's mind to 專心于
apply to 向......申請(qǐng)或要求
appeal to 訴諸,訴請(qǐng)裁決(或證實(shí)等)
approach to 接近;約等于
apologize to /for 道歉,認(rèn)錯(cuò)
argue about 爭(zhēng)論
arrive at 達(dá)成
ask after 探問(wèn),問(wèn)起
assure sb. for sth. 委托某人某事
attach to 附屬于,隸屬于;使一連,使喜愛(ài)
avoid doing sth. 避免干某事
back down 放棄,讓步,推卻
back out of 收回(諾言等)
be begin with 首先,第一
bear down 壓倒,擊敗,克服
bear down on 沖向;對(duì)......施加壓力
bear/keep in mind 記住
bear off 贏得;使離開(kāi);駛離
bear up 支持,擁護(hù),打起精神
blow over 使淡忘
blow up 發(fā)脾氣;放大(照片)等
break away (from) 突然離開(kāi),強(qiáng)行逃脫
break down 損壞;垮掉,崩潰
break in 非法闖入,強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入
break into tears (cheers) 突然哭(歡呼)起來(lái)
break off 中斷,突然停止
break out 逃脫,逃走;突然出現(xiàn),爆發(fā)
break through 突破,沖破;取得突破性成績(jī)
break up 終止,結(jié)束;打碎,粉碎;散開(kāi),驅(qū)散
Exercise nighteen
1. This is yet _________________ (兩國(guó)人民的又一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)).
2. His scientific works _______________(在英語(yǔ)國(guó)家得到廣泛閱讀).
3. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces,_____________(改革也是解放生產(chǎn)力).
4.He is optimistic ________________(對(duì)現(xiàn)時(shí)信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r).
5.Work in all fields should be subordinated to and ________________(服務(wù)于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的進(jìn)程).
1. another common point between the people of our two countries
解析:本題考查通過(guò)增補(bǔ)介詞使譯文的意思更完整。雖然原文沒(méi)有和between相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞,但是"共同點(diǎn)"是兩國(guó)人民之間在某方面進(jìn)行比較的結(jié)果,所以增補(bǔ) between之后,符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣。增詞法也是漢譯英中常用技巧之一,再如:她以教書為業(yè)。(She is a teacher by occupation.)我已重新考慮了那件事。(I've had second thought on that matter.)
2. were widely read in English-speaking countries
解析:若是按照字面翻譯,這句話很可能被譯為were widely read in English countries。但是原文中"英語(yǔ)國(guó)家"的含義是"講英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家"。這體現(xiàn)了英漢表達(dá)差異。請(qǐng)考生看下面這句話的英譯:我賣掉了彩電。/I sold out my color TV. 這句譯文錯(cuò)誤在于,沒(méi)弄清"彩電"的含義。"彩電"有兩層意思:一是指具體的實(shí)物,即彩色電視機(jī)color TV set;二是指屏幕上出現(xiàn)的影像,即彩色電視color TV。而句子中賣掉的只能是機(jī)器,具體的實(shí)物。
3. and so does reform
解析:本題意為:革命是解放生產(chǎn)力,改革也是解放生產(chǎn)力。考點(diǎn)有二:第一,考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)移。原文中"解放"用作動(dòng)詞,"生產(chǎn)力"作賓語(yǔ)。譯文中處理成名詞短語(yǔ) "對(duì)生產(chǎn)力的解放"。第二,考查省譯法。我們不能把原文譯成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces,這種結(jié)構(gòu)顯得臃腫累贅。為避免重復(fù),可以選用and so does...來(lái)代替這個(gè)動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)。
4. about the present development of information industry
解析:"對(duì)......表示樂(lè)觀"可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。這句話不能譯成about the status of the present development of information industry。"狀況"是一個(gè)范疇詞,沒(méi)有實(shí)際含義,可省略不譯。
5. serve the economic development
解析:"服務(wù)于......"即"為......服務(wù)",所以要用serve sb./ sth.的結(jié)構(gòu),不能譯成be served to。"進(jìn)程"也是一個(gè)范疇詞,可以省略不譯。另外,be subordinated to是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu),含義是"從屬于......,隸屬于......"。
abide by 履行,遵守
abstain from 戒除,棄權(quán),避開(kāi)
account for 說(shuō)明......的原因,是......的原因
accuse...of... 控告;譴責(zé)
adapt for 調(diào)整
adapt to 適應(yīng)
admit to 讓......享有
add up to 合計(jì)達(dá),總括起來(lái),意味著
adhere to 粘附,膠著,堅(jiān)持
agree about 對(duì)......有相同看法
agree on/upon 取得一致意見(jiàn)
agree with 與......相一致,適合
aim at 目的在于,旨在;瞄準(zhǔn),企圖
allow for 考慮到,估計(jì),為......留出余地
apply one's mind to 專心于
apply to 向......申請(qǐng)或要求
appeal to 訴諸,訴請(qǐng)裁決(或證實(shí)等)
approach to 接近;約等于
apologize to /for 道歉,認(rèn)錯(cuò)
argue about 爭(zhēng)論
arrive at 達(dá)成
ask after 探問(wèn),問(wèn)起
assure sb. for sth. 委托某人某事
attach to 附屬于,隸屬于;使一連,使喜愛(ài)
avoid doing sth. 避免干某事
back down 放棄,讓步,推卻
back out of 收回(諾言等)
be begin with 首先,第一
bear down 壓倒,擊敗,克服
bear down on 沖向;對(duì)......施加壓力
bear/keep in mind 記住
bear off 贏得;使離開(kāi);駛離
bear up 支持,擁護(hù),打起精神
blow over 使淡忘
blow up 發(fā)脾氣;放大(照片)等
break away (from) 突然離開(kāi),強(qiáng)行逃脫
break down 損壞;垮掉,崩潰
break in 非法闖入,強(qiáng)行進(jìn)入
break into tears (cheers) 突然哭(歡呼)起來(lái)
break off 中斷,突然停止
break out 逃脫,逃走;突然出現(xiàn),爆發(fā)
break through 突破,沖破;取得突破性成績(jī)
break up 終止,結(jié)束;打碎,粉碎;散開(kāi),驅(qū)散
Exercise nighteen
1. This is yet _________________ (兩國(guó)人民的又一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)).
2. His scientific works _______________(在英語(yǔ)國(guó)家得到廣泛閱讀).
3. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces,_____________(改革也是解放生產(chǎn)力).
4.He is optimistic ________________(對(duì)現(xiàn)時(shí)信息產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r).
5.Work in all fields should be subordinated to and ________________(服務(wù)于經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的進(jìn)程).
1. another common point between the people of our two countries
解析:本題考查通過(guò)增補(bǔ)介詞使譯文的意思更完整。雖然原文沒(méi)有和between相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞,但是"共同點(diǎn)"是兩國(guó)人民之間在某方面進(jìn)行比較的結(jié)果,所以增補(bǔ) between之后,符合英語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣。增詞法也是漢譯英中常用技巧之一,再如:她以教書為業(yè)。(She is a teacher by occupation.)我已重新考慮了那件事。(I've had second thought on that matter.)
2. were widely read in English-speaking countries
解析:若是按照字面翻譯,這句話很可能被譯為were widely read in English countries。但是原文中"英語(yǔ)國(guó)家"的含義是"講英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家"。這體現(xiàn)了英漢表達(dá)差異。請(qǐng)考生看下面這句話的英譯:我賣掉了彩電。/I sold out my color TV. 這句譯文錯(cuò)誤在于,沒(méi)弄清"彩電"的含義。"彩電"有兩層意思:一是指具體的實(shí)物,即彩色電視機(jī)color TV set;二是指屏幕上出現(xiàn)的影像,即彩色電視color TV。而句子中賣掉的只能是機(jī)器,具體的實(shí)物。
3. and so does reform
解析:本題意為:革命是解放生產(chǎn)力,改革也是解放生產(chǎn)力。考點(diǎn)有二:第一,考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)移。原文中"解放"用作動(dòng)詞,"生產(chǎn)力"作賓語(yǔ)。譯文中處理成名詞短語(yǔ) "對(duì)生產(chǎn)力的解放"。第二,考查省譯法。我們不能把原文譯成and reform also means the emancipation of the productive forces,這種結(jié)構(gòu)顯得臃腫累贅。為避免重復(fù),可以選用and so does...來(lái)代替這個(gè)動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)。
4. about the present development of information industry
解析:"對(duì)......表示樂(lè)觀"可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。這句話不能譯成about the status of the present development of information industry。"狀況"是一個(gè)范疇詞,沒(méi)有實(shí)際含義,可省略不譯。
5. serve the economic development
解析:"服務(wù)于......"即"為......服務(wù)",所以要用serve sb./ sth.的結(jié)構(gòu),不能譯成be served to。"進(jìn)程"也是一個(gè)范疇詞,可以省略不譯。另外,be subordinated to是一個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu),含義是"從屬于......,隸屬于......"。