漢譯英練習(二)

　　Ⅳ、虛擬語氣

　　(一)非真實句的虛擬

　　基本形式(主要考與過去和現在將來相反的虛擬語氣),特別注意時間狀語(混合時間虛

　　擬)

　　(1)The victim _______________________ (本來會有機會活下來) if he had been

　　taken to hospital in time.

　　(2)If I hadn’t _______________________ (警告你，你就可能喪命了).

　　(3)If _______________________ (如果我是你), I shouldn’t be worried.

　　(4)If you ________________ (在那里住上一段時間，你就會改變對那地方的看法了).

　　(5)If I _______________________ (昨天跟他說了，現在我就知道該怎么辦了).

　　(6)If I hadn’t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _____________

　　_______________ (你就不可能像現在這么笑了).

　　在非真實條件句中如果有were, had, should這三個詞，可以省去if，采用主謂語倒裝的形

　　式來表示條件

　　(7)Were you in my place, _______________________ (你也會這樣干的).

　　(8)Had it not been for their opposition, _________________ (這項法案早就通過了).

　　(9)Should there be another war, ____________________ (人類的生存就會有

　　危險).

　　otherwise(要不然，否則), but for(若不是，若非)經常作為非真實條件句中if的代用語

　　(10)But for his help, _________________ (我們就不會以這么低的價格租到房子了).

　　(11)Mary couldn’t have received my letter, _____________(否則她上周就該回

　　信了).

　　wish/if only(但愿，真希望，要是…就太好了)

　　(12)If only I _______________________ (能通過大學英語四級考試)!

　　(13)Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ___________________(聽你的).

　　(14)Sometimes I wish I _____________________ (生活在一個不同的時間和空間).

　　(15)Jack wishes that ______________________ (他在大學學的是商務而不是歷史).

　　(二)would rather, It’s (about/high) time(該是…的時候了), as if / as though后引導的從

　　句虛擬

　　(16)I would rather _________________________ (你明天來).

　　(17)Hugh usually talks _________________________ (仿佛他是老板似的).

　　(18)It’s (high) time that something ______________ (采取措施解決交通堵塞的問題).

　　(三) (should)+動詞原形(一般式/被動式/否定式)

　　信號詞：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞和名詞.....;帶有感情色彩的形容詞...;連詞..lest

　　(19)The professor required that _______________________ (我們交研究報告).

　　(20)We insist that _______________________ (讓杰克立刻進醫院).

　　(21)We are going to discuss his suggestion that ________________ (取消期中考試).

　　(22)It is ridiculous that __________________ (我們在一個總是下雨的國家還缺水).

　　(23)It is absolutely unfair that these children ____________________ (被剝奪了受

　　教育的權利).

　　(24)It is essential that ______________________ (每個人都為緊急情況做好準備).

　　(25)It is a shame that _____________________ (他竟然欺騙了那個可憐的小女孩)!

　　(26)He walked lightly _______________________ (以免驚醒嬰兒).

　　(27)Take your raincoat _______________________ (以防下雨).

　　Ⅴ、情態動詞

　　(1)Some psychologists claim that people ___________ (出門在外時可能會感到孤單).

　　(2)The phone is ringing, but there is no answer. ________________(她一定不在家).

　　(3)You screamed in your sleep last night. __________(你一定夢見什么可怕的東西了).

　　(4)_______________________ (我沒必要穿上我最好的套裝) to go to the party;

　　most of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.

　　漢譯英練習(二)參考答案

　　Ⅳ、虛擬語氣

　　(1) would have survived

　　(2) warned you, you could have been killed

　　(3) I were you

　　(4) lived there for a while, you would change your mind about that place

　　(5) had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now

　　(6) you couldn’t be smiling like this now

　　(7) you would do the same

　　(8) this act would have been passed much earlier

　　(9) the existence of the human race would be in jeopardy

　　(10) I could not have rent a house at such a low price

　　(11) otherwise she would have replied to me last week

　　(12) I could pass the CET-4

　　(13) had followed your advice

　　(14) were living in a different time and space

　　(15) he had studied business instead of history when he was in university

　　(16) you came tomorrow

　　(17) as if/though he were the boss

　　(18) were done to solve the problem of traffic jam

　　(19) we (should) hand in our research report

　　(20) Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now

　　(21) The mid-term exam (should) de cancelled

　　(22) we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining

　　(23) these children (should) be deprived of the right to receive education

　　(24) everyone (should) be prepared for emergency

　　(25) he should deceive that poor little girl

　　(26) lest he should awaken the baby

　　(27) in case it should rain

　　Ⅴ、情態動詞

　　(1) might feel lonely when they are away from home

　　(2) She can’t be at home

　　(3) You must have dreamed of something terrible

　　(4) I needn’t have put on my best suit to go to the party