2017年大學(xué)英語四級翻譯練習(xí)題帶答案
2017年大學(xué)英語四級翻譯練習(xí)題(一):昆曲
昆曲(Kunqu Opera)源于江蘇昆山地區(qū),至今已有600多年的歷史,它是中國戲曲最古老的存在形式之一。昆曲有一個完整的表演體系并且有自己獨(dú)特的腔調(diào)。昆曲在明朝初期得到發(fā)展。從16到18世紀(jì),它一直主宰著中國戲曲。此外,昆曲還影響了許多其他的中國戲曲形式。今天,昆曲依然在中國的一些大城市被進(jìn)行表演,受到了許多人的喜愛。
參考翻譯:
Kunqu Opera originated in the Kunshan region of Jiangsu. It is one of the oldest existing forms of Chinese operas with a history of more than 600 years. Kunqu Opera has a complete system of acting characterized by its own distinctive tunes. During the early Ming Dynasty, Kunqu Opera got developed and it dominated Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th century. In addition, Kunqu Opera has influenced many other Chinese theatre forms. Today, Kunqu Opera is still played in some major cities of China and enjoys a popularity among many people.
1.至今已有600多年的歷史:“已有600多年的歷史”可譯為with a history of more than 600 years,其中with ahistory of意表示“有...的歷史”,more than表示“多于,超過”。
2.昆曲在明朝初期得到發(fā)展:“發(fā)展”可譯為develop,常用的短語有develop into, 意為“發(fā)展成為”。“明朝初期”可譯為theearly Ming Dynasty,而“明朝末期”可譯為the late MingDynasty。
3.此外,昆曲還影響了許多其他的中國戲曲形式:“此外”可譯為in addition。“影響”可譯為influence,也可譯為have the influence of。
2017年大學(xué)英語四級翻譯練習(xí)題(二):竹文化
中國因其國寶(national treasure)—熊貓—而聞名于世。熊貓的食物竹子—也深受中國人民的喜愛。中國是世界上擁有竹子最多的國家,被稱為竹子的王國。竹文化長久以來深深根植于中國人的思想中。對中國人民來說,竹子是美德的象征。它反映了人的靈魂和情感。中國古代的學(xué)者對竹子非常敬重。這就解釋了為什么歷史上有那么多的著作和繪畫都是以竹為主題的。
參考翻譯:
China is worldwide famous for its national treasure, the pandas.The panda's food, bamboo, is also favored by Chinese people.It is known as the Kingdom of Bamboo possessing more bamboos than any other country in the world. Bamboo culture has been rooted in Chinese people's minds for a long time.To the Chinese people, bamboo is a symbol of virtue, which reflects people's souls and emotions.Ancient Chinese scholars looked up with great respect to bamboo.This explains why there are so many writings and paintings dedicated to the plant throughout history.
1.中國因其國寶—熊貓—而聞名于世:“因...而聞名于世”可譯為be worldwide famous for,也可用be worldwide known for來表示。類似的表達(dá)方式還有be known/famous as(作為...而出名),be famous/known to(對...來說很出名)。
2.中國是世界上擁有竹子最多的國家,被稱為竹子的王國:前半句可以理解為“中國有比世界上任何國家都多的竹子”。后半句的“被稱為”可譯為be known as。“竹子的王國”可譯為the Kingdom of Bamboo。
3.對中國人民來說,竹子是美德的象征:“象征”可譯為symbol, a symbol of意為 “某物的象征”。
4.中國古代的學(xué)者對竹子非常敬重:“中國古代的學(xué)者”可譯為ancient Chinese scholars。“對...非常敬重”可譯為look up with great respect to.", look up to表示“尊敬”,with great respect表示“滿懷敬意”。
2017年大學(xué)英語四級翻譯練習(xí)題(三):中國象棋
中國象棋
中國象棋屬于二人對抗戰(zhàn)略性棋盤游戲,是最受歡迎的棋盤游戲之一。在中國古代,象棋被列為士大夫們的修身之藝,現(xiàn)在則被視為一種益智的活動。象棋由兩人輪流走子,以“將死”對方的將(帥)為勝。象棋棋盤共有64格,中間的“河界”將之分為兩個“敵對”的部分。每人各有棋子16枚,包括1枚將、 2枚馬、2枚車(chariot)、2枚象(相)、2枚士、2枚炮和5枚丟(pawn )。 一般而言,執(zhí)紅色棋子的一方先走子。
參考翻譯:
Chinese Chess
Chinese chess, known as Xiangqi, is a strategyboard game for two players. It is one of the mostpopular board games. In ancient China, Chinesechess used to be listed as a way for scholar-officialsto cultivate their moral characters, while now it's regarded as a kind of activities to developintelligence. The two players move by turn in the game with the objective of checkmatingthe opponent's general or king. The board itself has 64 squares and has a “river” in the middlethat divides the board into two opposing parts. Each player has 16 pieces, including 1 general(king), 2 horses, 2 chariots, 2 elephants (bishops), 2 guards, 2 cannons and 5 pawns. Generallyspeaking, the player with the red pieces moves first.
1.戰(zhàn)略型棋盤游戲:可采取直譯法,將三個名詞并列翻譯,即strategy board game。
2.士大夫:指封建社會中的官僚階層,也指還沒做官的讀書人,所以可譯為 scholar-bureaucrat 或者 scholar-officials。
3.修身之藝:修身指提高自己的道德修養(yǎng),可譯為cultivateone's moral character;按照文字語境,“藝”在這里指“方式”,可譯為way。
4.象棋由兩人輪流走子:如果采用直譯法,得需要采用被動語態(tài),譯為 Chinese chess is alternately playedby two players.但后面的句子“以將死對方的將(帥)為勝”則需翻譯為Its objective is...故不如采用主動語態(tài),將兩句話翻譯為帶with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。
5.以“將死”對方的將(帥)為勝:“將死”可譯為checkmate,不要望文生義翻譯為kill。
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