2017年大學英語四級翻譯模擬題與答案
2017年大學英語四級翻譯模擬題(一):儒家思想
儒家思想
儒家思想(Confucianism)是中國影響最大的思想流派,也是中國古代的主流意識。自漢代以來,儒家思想就是封建統治階級(feudal ruling class)的指導思想之一。儒家思想的核心其實是一種人道主義(humanism )。它提倡自我修養,認為人是可教化的、可完善的。儒家思想的一個宏大的目標就是實現“大同社會”,在這樣的一個社會中,每個人都能扮演好自己的角色,并與他人維持良好的關系。
參考翻譯:
Confucianism
Confucianism is the largest Chinese school ofthoughts, and the mainstream consciousness ofthe ancient China. Confucianism had been one of theruling doctrines of the feudal ruling class since theHan Dynasty. The core of Confucianism is actually a kind of humanism. It advocates self-cultivation, and believes that human beings are teachable and improvable. A grand goal ofConfucianism is to achieve a harmonious society in which each individual plays his or her partwell, and maintains a good relationship with others.
1.思想流派:可譯為school of thoughts。
2.指導思想:可譯為ruling doctrine,也可直譯為guiding ideology。
3.自我修養:應翻譯為self-cultivation。cultivate除了有“耕種;照料”之意,還可以表示“修養,改善”。
4.可教化的、可完善的:都可以使用動詞加上“-able”這一形容詞后綴的構詞法,故分別為teachable和improvable。
5.大同社會:孔子所提出的“大同”的特征是:“大道之行也,天下為公。選賢與能,講信修睦…”從字面上也可看出,“大同”即為“和諧”之意, 故“大同社會”可譯為 harmonious society 或 perfect society。
6.每個人:除可譯為everybody、everyone以外,還可譯為each individual, 更加強調個體。“扮演好某人的角色”即為play one's part/role well。
2017年大學英語四級翻譯模擬題(二):西安
古都西安,一顆閃爍著古代文明和高科技之光的歷史文化名城。西安古名長安,是世界四大古都之一。踏上這古老的黃土地,無處不在的是千古文人(literati)名士(people with literary reputation)傳誦于世的古風古韻。歷史文化的沉積,造就了一個著名的旅游城市。西安,這座讓游人流連忘返的城市,在很久以前就享有“通史博物館(General History Museum ) ”的美譽。
范文:
Ancient capital Xi'an is a noted historic and cultural city shining the light of ancient civilization and high technology. Xi'an,once called Chang'an, is one of the four ancient capitals of the world. Setting foot on this ancient ground, you can feel ancient customs and rhymes everywhere, which have been widely read by literati and people with literary reputation for thousands of years. This famous tourism city is created by the sediment of historical culture. Xi'an,a city that let people linger on with no thought of leaving has long enjoyed the good name of the“General History Museum”
翻譯詳解:
1.歷史文化名城:翻譯為a noted historic and cultural city。
2.黃土地:直接翻譯成ground即可,不必直譯。
3.古風古韻:古風指“古代的風俗習慣”,古韻指“古代的音韻”,故可譯為ancient customs and rhyme。該詞組所處句子缺少主語,在翻譯時需增譯主語。
4.流連忘返:可譯為to have much enjoyment and forget to go back home或者to linger on with no thought of leaving, linger on 意為“徘徊;流連”。
5.歷史文化的沉積:可譯為sediment of historical culture。sediment意為“沉積”。
2017年大學英語四級翻譯模擬題(三):皮影戲
皮影戲(shadow play)是中國最古老的戲劇之一。它起源于2000多年前的古長安,盛行于唐代和宋代。在中國古代,這是一個流行的民間戲曲形式,而且它是世界電影的祖先。當時,它就像現代的電影和電視一樣給人們帶來歡樂。表演者跟著音樂歌唱,同時控制著皮影工具。這些戲劇的內容更多是關于傳統的歷史戲畫中。皮影戲是世界文化和藝術大家庭中的瑰寶。
參考翻譯:
Shadow play is one of the oldest operas in China. It was rooted in ancient Chang'an over 2,000 years ago and prevailed in the Tang and Song Dynasties.It was a popular folk drama in ancient China and also the ancestor of films in the worid. At that time, it brought people pleasure as modern movies and TVs do.Actors sing with the music, and control shadow tools at the same time.The contents of those plays are more about traditional historical dramas and fable stories.Shadow play is the treasure among the world's cultures and arts.
1.它起源于2000多年前的古長安,盛行于唐代和宋代:“起源于”可譯為be rooted in。“盛行于”可譯為prevail in, prevail意為“盛行,流行”。
2.當時,它就像現代的電影和電視一樣給人們帶來歡樂:“當時”可譯為at that time。“就像現代的電影和電視一樣”可用as引導的從句來表示,即as modern movies and TVs do。“給人們帶來歡樂”可譯為bring people pleasure。
3.表演者跟著音樂歌唱,同時控制著皮影工具:“跟著音樂歌唱”可譯為sing with the music, with意為“跟著,隨著”。“同時”可譯為at the same time,還可譯為meanwhile、in the meantime。“控制著皮影工具”中“控制”可譯為control,常用短語為incontrol(控制中),out of control(失去控制)等。“皮影工具”則為shadow tools。
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