歷年英語四級翻譯題練習：打麻將

　　打麻將(mahjong)有時被描述成現實生活的翻版，既需要策略，也需要運氣。 在中國玩麻將通常還需要下或大或小的賭注(bet)。一個世紀前，麻將主要是富人的消遣(pastime),但如今已被認為是大眾游戲。麻將在20世紀20年代引人美國，一股麻將熱潮隨之而來。學習打麻將最好的方式是與朋友坐在一起，讓他們示范玩一次，把麻將牌面向上，看大家怎么玩。

　　參考翻譯：

　　Playing mahjong, which is sometimes described as ametaphor of real life， needs a mix of strategies andluck. Typically in China，it also involves placing largeor small bets.A century ago，it was mainly a pastimefor wealthy people，but today it is considered agame of the people. When it was first introduced to the U.S.A. in the 1920s，a craze ofmahjong ensued The best way to learn playing mahjong is to sit with friends and ask them toplay a demonstration game: ask them to turn their pieces upwards and watch what everybodyis doing.

　　歷年英語四級翻譯題練習：中醫

　　中醫(Traditional Chinese Medicine)的范疇很廣，包括一系列具有相同基本概 念的醫學實踐。這個概念起源于中國古代，已經歷了數千年的發展。中醫診法包 括把脈(measure the pulse)，檢查舌頭、皮膚、眼睛，以及詢問飲食、睡眠習慣和其他方面。中醫蘊含的理念及其復雜性向研究中醫如何奏效的研究者提出了挑戰。這些研究大多數集中在針灸(acupuncture)和中藥等特定形式的療法上。

　　參考翻譯：

　　Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) includes a broadrange of medicine practices sharing common basicconcept which originated in ancient China and has:evolved over thousands of years. TCM diagnosisincludes measuring the pulse,inspecting the tongue,skin, eyes and asking about the eating and sleeping habits of :the patient as well as many otherthings. TCM's complexity and underlying conceptual foundations present challenges forresearchers seeking evidence on how it works. Most researches focus on specific treatmentmodalities, primarily I acupuncture and Chinese herbal remedies.

　　歷年英語四級翻譯題練習：漢字

　　漢字有成千上萬個，盡管其中的大多數差別很細微，且只在歷史文獻中出現過。研究表明，日常使用的漢字大概有三至四千個。大多數早期漢字是象形字(pictographs),用簡單的圖畫來代表字，但現代漢字中象形文字已經很少了。許多現代漢字是兩個或兩個以上簡單文字的組合。漢字也可以因為其線條和點的排列組合方式被看成是一門抽象藝術(abstract art)。

　　參考翻譯:

　　There are tens of thousands of Chinesecharacters,though most of them are only slightlydifferent from each other and only seen in historicaldocuments.Studies show that normally three to fourthousand characters are used on a daily basis.Most ofearlier Chinese characters were pictographs-simple pictures used to mean words, but fewmodern Chinese characters are pictographs.Many modern Chinese characters are acombination of two or more simple characters.Chinese characters may also be considered to bean abstract art because of how the characters are made up of lines an

　　1.漢字有成千上萬個，盡管其中的大多數差別很細微，且只在歷史文獻中出現過：“成千上萬”可譯為tens of thousandsof; “差別很細微”即“細微區別于”可譯為slightly differentfrom;“出現過”的意思也就是“被人們看見”，因此可以譯為seen,用過去分詞形式表示被動。

　　2.許多現代漢字是兩個或兩個以上簡單文字的組合：“…的組合”可譯為combination of...。

　　3.漢字也可以因為其線條和點的排列組合方式被看成是一門抽象藝術：該句中 “因為其線條和點的排列組合方式”可譯為由how引導的名詞性從句，即because of how the characters...;“被看成是”可譯為beconsidered to be, consider常構成以下詞組：consider as(認為)、repeatedly consider(再三考慮)。