2017年英語四級翻譯模擬練習：敬茶禮儀

　　敬茶禮儀

　　當今社會，客來敬茶已經成為人們日常社交和家庭生活中普遍的往來禮儀。俗話說:酒滿茶半。上茶時應以右手端茶，從客人的右方奉上，并時帶微笑。當然，喝茶的客人也要以禮還禮，雙手接過，點頭致謝。品茶時，講究小口品飲，其妙趣在于意會而不可言傳。另外，可適當稱贊主人茶好。總之，敬茶是國人禮儀中待客的一種日常禮節，也是社會交往的一項內容，不僅是對客人、朋友的尊重, 也能體現自己的修養(self-cultivation)。

　　翻譯：

　　Nowadays, offering tea to guests has becomecommon etiquette in daily social interaction andfamily life. As the saying goes, white spirit, full cup;tea, half cup. Tea cup should be held on the righthand and offered to guests with a smile from theirright side. Of course,the guests should pay respect as well, taking over the cup with bothhands and nodding to express his thanks. When tasting tea,you should drink it in small sips,the beauty and fun of which is beyond words. In addition, you could praise the tea of theowner appropriately. In short, offering tea is a daily ritual of Chinese people when receivingguests and it is also part of social interaction. It can not only show respect to guests andfriends, but also reflect your self-cultivation.

　　詞匯詳解：

　　1.敬茶:可以理解為“獻茶”，故譯為offer tea。

　　2.俗話說:可譯為as the saying goes,固定譯法。

　　3.酒滿茶半:可譯為white spirit，full cup;tea，halfcup。在中國的餐桌文化里，酒要倒滿，而茶要倒半杯。

　　4.以禮還禮:可譯為pay respect as well。

　　5.講究小口品飲:即drink it in small sips。其中，sip作名詞，意為“小口喝”;也可以作動詞，例如Mike sipped hisdrink quickly.(邁克快速地喝了 一小口飲料。) 詞組take a sip表示“喝一小口，抿一口。”

　　6.日常禮節:可譯為daily ritual。

　　7.對客人、朋友的尊重:可譯為動詞詞組，即show respect to guests and friends。

　　2017年英語四級翻譯模擬練習：黃鶴樓

　　黃鶴樓(Yellow Crane Tower)位于湖北省武漢市蛇山(Snake Hill),享有“天下江山第一樓”之稱。它是江南最著名的塔樓之一。由于地理位置優越，孫權將黃鶴樓建成軍隊瞭望塔(watchtower)。數百年來，其軍事用途逐漸被遺忘，而主要被當做風景如畫的景點欣賞。唐代有許多膾炙人口的詩篇贊美黃鶴樓。正是這些詩，黃鶴樓才能如此著名，吸引人們前來參觀。不同朝代，黃鶴樓有不同的建筑特色。然而，今天的黃鶴樓是基于淸朝塔樓建造的。

　　參考譯文：

　　Located on Snake Hill in Wuhan, Hubei Province, Yellow Crane Tower is enjoying the fame of "The First Scenery under Heaven". It is one of the most famous towers at the south of the Yangtze River. Due to the ideal location, it was built by Sun Quan, Emperor of Wu, as a watchtower for his army. After hundreds of years,its military function was gradually forgotten and the tower served mainly as a picturesque spot. During the Tang Dynasty, many popular poems were written in praise of the Yellow Crane Tower. It was these poems that made the tower so renowned and attractive for people to visit. The tower had different architectural features in different dynasties. However, the tower which stands today is based on the one designed during the Qing Dynasty.

　　詞句點撥

　　1.位于湖北省武漢市蛇山：可譯為Located on Snake Hill in Wuhan,在句中作狀語，表明黃鶴摟的位置。

　　2.天下江山第一樓：可譯為The First Scenery under Heaven。

　　3.膾炙人口的詩篇：即“流行的詩篇”，故譯為popular poems。

　　2017年英語四級翻譯模擬練習：茶

　　現在，世界上大約有超過40個國家種植茶葉.而亞洲國家的產茶量占到了全球的90%。其他國家的茶樹都直接或間接地源自中國。許多國家用于指茶葉或者茶水的詞都是漢字“茶”的衍生物(derivatives)。要想泡一壺好茶，必須要特別注意水的質量、水的溫度、茶葉的用量以及茶壺(teapot)的類型。喝茶的習慣是公元6世紀傳到日本的，但直到l7到18世紀才傳到歐、關。現在，世界上喝茶的人數眾多，并且仍在增加。

　　參考譯文

　　At present，more than 40 countries in the world grow tea，with Asian countries accounting for 90%of the world’s total output.The origin of all tea trees in other countries，either directly or indirectly，is China.The words for tea leaves or tea as a drink in many countries are derivatives from the Chinese character“cha”.To make a good pot of tea，special attention must be paid to the water quality，water temperature，the amount of tea leaves used and the type of teapot. The habit of drinking tea was spread to Japan in 6 A.D.，but was not introduced to Europe and America until the l7th and l8th centuries.Now，the number of tea drinkers in the world is large and still increasing.

　　難點注釋

　　1.第一句中，“而亞洲國家的產茶量占到了全球的90%”為次要信息，可翻譯為with引 導的伴隨狀語。

　　2.第二句中，“都直接或間接地”是修飾句子謂語“源自”的，可放在動詞之前，譯為 either directly or indirectly。

　　3.第三句中，“……的衍生物”翻譯為are derivatives from…。

　　4.第四句中，“要想泡一壺好茶”表目的，翻譯為To make a good pot of tea。

　　5.第五句中，“傳到”就是“引進到”的意思，翻譯為was introduced to…比較合適。