英語四級翻譯注意事項
例1.【試題原句】自1961年該基金會成立以來,大熊貓就一直是它的徽標。
【思路分析】本句主干句是“大熊貓就一直是它的徽標”,可依“主系表”結構譯出;一看到“自從”就應該想到since,since作為介詞,后面要跟名詞結構,所以“自從……以來”可譯作介詞短語"since the founding of WWF in 1961"或處理為從句"since 1961 when WWF was founded",置于句首或句末均可。
【參考譯文】Panda has been the logo of WWF since 1961 when WWF was founded.
【技巧探秘】本句中“自……以來”可用介詞since表示,同時,由于since是現在完成時態的標志詞,且“一直”表明了“大熊貓是該基金會的徽標”這一狀態持續到現在或將繼續維持下去,因此在處理時,主句應使用現在完成時態,而由“1961年該基金會成立”可知,since引導的時間狀語從句應使用一般過去時態。
注意事項二:注意搭配
這里的搭配主要指一些固定搭配。比如“學習知識”不用"learn knowledge",而必須用"acquire knowledge";"concern"后面的介詞必須跟"over"而不是"of"等等。
下面給大家總結出了常見的一些搭配:
動詞和名詞的搭配:raise awareness, adopt measures, take steps, adopt approaches
動詞詞組的搭配:give a green light to, deepen one’s understanding of, pave the way for
形容詞和名詞的搭配:compelling reason, ample evidence, harsh punishment
名詞詞組搭配:environmental awareness, coverage of crime, health effect
介賓短語的搭配:in the media, on the internet, on television, in newspapers
表示某個特定意思的習慣搭配:
lead a fulfilling life, close the rich/poor gap, discriminate between right and wrong, have a higher chance of developing cancer, fail to achieve work-life balance
避免中式英文的直接翻譯:
improve the problem →solve the problem or improve the situation
contact with violence→exposure to violence
advertisements about children→advertisements aimed at children.
注意事項三:注意變通詞匯
另辟蹊徑,試著用幾個詞去解釋自己突然想不起的單詞或者找同義詞,近義詞來替換。
如“匿名”對應的單詞是"anonymity",可以用"a unknown name"來代替。“美化”對應的單詞"beautify",可以用"make sth more beautiful"來代替。
附:翻譯高頻模板句
①_____ has / enjoys a history of_____. (用于介紹歷史)
②_____ was popular / widespread. (用于介紹流行程度)
③_____ be used to do sth.(表示用途)
④_____ stand for / symbolize / signify_____.(某物象征了……)
⑤_____ is given as a present to sb.(饋贈)
⑥_____ is well-known as / famous for/ noted for_____. (以……著稱 / 有名)
⑦一般:_____ start / begin from… to_____(從……延續到……)
更優:_____ run from … to_____(從……延續到……)