英語四級翻譯模擬練習(xí)及答案詳解
英語四級翻譯模擬練習(xí):刺繡
請將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
刺繡(embroidery)是用針和線或紗線(yarn)在織物或其他材料上進(jìn)行裝飾的手工藝。刺繡最常用在無檐帽、有檐帽、外套、毛毯、禮服襯衫、長筒襪、髙爾夫球衫上。令人感到吃驚的是:在刺繡的發(fā)展過程中,從起初到后來更精美的階段,讓人感覺不到也說不出來有什么材質(zhì)或技術(shù)的變化。另一方面,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)后來很少能達(dá)到早期作品中的技術(shù)成就和髙水準(zhǔn)的工藝。
參考翻譯:
Embroidery is the handicraft of decorating fabric orother materials with needle and thread or yarn.Itis most often used on caps, hats, coats, blankets,dress shirts, stockings, and golf shirts.It is astriking fact that in the development ofembroidery there are no changes of materials or techniques which can be felt or interpreted asadvances from a primitive to a later, more refined stage.On the other hand, we find atechnical accomplishment and high standard of craftsmanship in early works are rarelyattained in later times.
翻譯詳解:
1.令人感到吃驚的是在刺繡的發(fā)展過程中,從起初到后來更精美的階段,讓人感覺不到也說不出來有什么材質(zhì)或技術(shù)的變化:“令人感到吃驚的是”可以理解為“這是一個令人吃驚的事實”,即It is a striking fact that...,后跟fact的同位語從句;“在...發(fā)展過程中”可用in the development of表示;“從起初到后來更精美的階段可用from…to...短語,即asadvances from a primitive to a later, more refinedstage; “讓人感覺不到也說不出來有什么材質(zhì)或技術(shù)的變化,這個句子包含了一個定語從句,主句是there areno changes of materials or techniques,后跟which引導(dǎo)的定語從句;“說出”即“解釋、說明”,可譯為interpret,其同義詞有:account、translate。
2.另一方面,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)后來很少能達(dá)到早期作品中的技術(shù)成就和高水準(zhǔn)的工藝:“另—方面”可譯為on theother hand;“技術(shù)成就”可譯為technical accomplishment;“高水準(zhǔn)的工藝”可譯為high standard ofcraftsmanship。
英語四級翻譯模擬練習(xí):瓷器
請將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
瓷器(porcelain)是一種由精選的瓷土(porcelain clay)或瓷石(pottery stone)、通過工藝流程制成的物件。盡管瓷器由陶器(pottery)發(fā)展而來,然而它們在原料、軸(glaze)、燒制溫度方面都是不同的。比起陶器,瓷器質(zhì)地更堅硬,器身更通透,光澤也更好。瓷器在英語里叫做china,因為第一件瓷器就是在中國制造的。瓷器促進(jìn)了中國和外部世界之間的經(jīng)濟文化交流,并深刻地影響著其他國家的傳統(tǒng)文化和生活方式。
參考翻譯:
Porcelain is a material made from well-chosenporcelain clay or pottery stone throughtechnological processes.Although porcelain isdeveloped from pottery,the two are different in rawmaterial, glaze and firing temperature.Comparedwith pottery, porcelain has tougher texture,more transparent body and finer luster.It iscalled china in English because it was first made in China.Porcelain promotes economic andcultural exchanges between China and the outside world, and also profoundly influences thetraditional culture and lifestyle of other countries.
翻譯詳解:
1.瓷器是一種由精選的瓷土或瓷石,通過工藝流程制成的物件:“精選的”可譯為well-chosen,這種well+形容詞的構(gòu)詞法還有:well-formed(身材苗條的;結(jié)構(gòu)良好的)、well-trained (訓(xùn)練有素的)、well-built(體型勻稱的);“工藝流程”可譯為technological processes; “制成”可譯為bemade from, from表示不可以看出原材料。同義詞組bemade of, of表示看得出原材料。
2.盡管瓷器由陶器發(fā)展而來,然而它們在原料、釉、燒制溫度方面都是不同的。比起陶器,瓷器質(zhì)地更堅硬,器身更通透,光澤也更好:“由...發(fā)展而來”可用develop from表示;“原料”可用raw material表示;raw意為“生的;未加工的”,還可構(gòu)成詞組:raw water(生水)、raw coal(原煤)、raw data(原始數(shù)據(jù))。“質(zhì)地更堅硬”即“更堅硬的質(zhì)地”,可譯為tougher texture; “器身更透明”即“更透明的器身”,可譯為transparent body。
3.瓷器促進(jìn)了中國和外部世界之間的經(jīng)濟文化交流,并深刻影響著其他國家的傳統(tǒng)文化和生活方式:該句有兩個謂語動詞,即promotes和influences,用and連接。“經(jīng)濟文化交流”可譯為economic and culturalexchanges。