The method of scientific investigation is nothing butthe expression of the necessary mode of working ofthe human mind: it is simply the mode by which allphenomena are reasoned about and given preciseand exact explanations. The difference between theoperations and methods of a baker weighing out hisgoods in common scales, and the operations of a chemist by means of his balance is not thatthe scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of theirconstruction or manner of working; but that the latter is a much finer apparatus and ofcourse much more accurate in its measurement than the former.

　　中國扇子的歷史可以追溯到3000多年前的商朝(the Shang Dynasty)。第一種扇子叫作“扇汗”(Shanhan),是拴在馬車上用來 擋住強烈的陽光，給乘客遮雨的。“扇汗”有點像現在的雨傘。后來 “扇汗”變成了由薄但是結實的絲綢或者鳥的羽毛做成的長柄扇，稱為中山扇(Zhangshan fan),它主要用于皇帝的儀仗(honour guard)裝 飾。

　　The history of Chinese fan can be dated to over 3,000 years ago，around the Shang Dynasty. The first type of fan, known as Shanhan, was tied to a horse-drawn carriage to shut out the strong sunshine and shelter the passengers from the rainfall. The Shanhan was a bit like today’s umbrella. Later this Shanhan became a long-handled fan made of thin and tough silk or birds5 feathers, called a Zhangshan fan, which was mainly used by the emperor’s honour guard as decoration.

　　中國是茶的故鄉。據說早在五六千年前，中國就有了茶樹(tea- shrub),而且有關茶樹的人類文明可以追溯到兩千年前。來自中國的 茶和絲綢、瓷器(porcelain)—樣，在1000年前為世界所知，而且一 直是中國重要的出口產品。目前世界上40多個國家種植茶，其中亞 洲國家的產量占世界總產量的90%。其他國家的茶樹都直接或間接 地起源于中國。

　　China is the homeland of tea. It is believed that China has tea- shrubs as early as five to six thousand years ago，and human cultivation of teaplants can date back two thousand years. Tea from China，along with her silk and porcelain, began to be known the world over more than a thousand years ago and has since always been an important Chinese export. At present more than forty countries in the world grow tea with Asian countries producing 90% of the world’s total output. All tea trees in other countries have their origin directly or indirectly in China.