參考翻譯

　　China is confronted with many environmental issues which severely affect China's environment aswell as human health.An increasing population, rapid economic growth and weak environmentalsupervision have increased water demand and pollution.Desertification is also a seriousproblem.More and more arable land is becoming desolated.China has responded to these issueswith increasing environmental regulations.Pollutant treatment infrastructure has been built.Thesemeasures have brought about certain environmental improvements.

　　1.嚴重影響:可翻譯為severly affect。

　　2.日益增長的人口、快速的經濟增長和薄弱的環境監督都造成了水需求量的增加和水污染:“日益增長的人口”可譯為an increasing population;“快速的經濟增長”可譯rapid economic growth;“薄弱的環境監督”可譯為weak environmental supervision。

　　3.污染物處理設施:可翻譯為pollutant treatment infrastructure。

　　人口老齡化(population ageing)是一個國家或地區年齡中值(median age)上升時出現的現象。其原因可能是人口壽命(life expectancy)的延長和/或出生率的下降。在不久的將來，亞洲和歐洲兩個地區將有相當的國家面臨人口老齡化問題。人口老齡化對經濟造成的影響是相當大的。老年人比年輕人擁有更多的人均積蓄，但老年人在商品消費上花費較少。老齡化人口因此可能導致更低的利率。

　　參考翻譯

　　Population ageing is a phenomenon that occurs when the median age rises in a country orregion.The reason of it may be rising life expectancy and/or declining birth rates.In Asia andEurope,a significant number of countries will be confronted whh population ageing in the nearfuture.The population ageing has a considerable effect on the economy.Older people have moresavings than younger people.However,older people spend less on goods.As a result,an ageingpopulation may thus lead to lower interest rates.

　　1.人口老齡化:可翻譯為population ageing。

　　2.其原因可能是人口壽命的延長和/或出生率的下降:“人口壽命”可譯為life expectancy;“出生率”可譯為birthrates。

　　3.在不久的將來，亞洲和歐洲兩個地區將有相當數量的因家面臨人口老齡化問題:“不久的將來”可譯in thenear future;“相當數量的”可譯為a significant number of;“面臨"可譯為be confronted with.