大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)附答案
請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
四合院(courtyard)是一種歷史類型住宅。它在中國(guó)很常見,最著名的則是在北京。在古代,一座四合院住著一個(gè)單一的大家庭。今天,許多現(xiàn)存的四合院還用作住房,但大都缺乏現(xiàn)代生活設(shè)施。四合院最早可以追溯到西周時(shí)期(the Western Zhou Period),至今已有2000多年的歷史。它們表現(xiàn)出中國(guó)建筑的優(yōu)秀和基本特征。四合院還是北京的一個(gè)文化象征,也是探索古老生活方式的一個(gè)窗口。
參考翻譯:
Courtyard is a historical type of residence.It was commonly found throughout China,most famousin Beijing.In ancient times,a courtyard would be occupied by a single large family.Today,manyremaining courtyards are still used as houses,but most lack modem living facilities.Courtyards dateback to as early as the Western Zhou Period,with a history of over 2,000 years.They exhibitoutstanding and iundamental characteristics of Chinese architecture.Courtyard also serves as acultural symbol of Beijing and a window into old ways of life.
1.在古代,一座四合院住著一個(gè)單一的大家庭:“在古代”可譯為in ancient times。“住著”可以用occupy或者live來(lái)表示。occupy意為“占據(jù),占領(lǐng)”,在此引申為“住著”;be occupied by/with譯為“被某物占據(jù);忙于”,例如:He was occupied with a novel.他忙于寫小說(shuō)。
2.今天,許多現(xiàn)存的四合院還用作住房,但大都缺乏現(xiàn)代生活設(shè)施:其中“現(xiàn)存的”可譯為remaining。“用作”可譯為be used as。“缺乏”可譯為lack,此處lack為動(dòng)詞,作名詞講時(shí),可用lack of來(lái)表示缺乏。
3.四合院最早可以追溯到西周時(shí)期:其中“追溯”可譯為date back to。需要注意的是date back和date back to都表示追溯的意思,但是date back后跟時(shí)間段;date back to后跟時(shí)間點(diǎn),表示追溯到某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)。
請(qǐng)將下面這段話翻譯成英文:
頤和園(the Summer Palace)位于北京市西北部的海淀區(qū),距北京市中心15公里。它是中國(guó)最大、保存最完好的皇家園林。頤和園有著名的自然風(fēng)景和人文景觀(cultural landscape),因此它也一直被公認(rèn)為是“皇家園林博物館”。顧和園始建于1750年,作為一座豪華的皇家花園供皇室成員休息和娛樂(lè)。清朝末期,頤和園成為了皇家成員的主要居住地。它位列世界遺產(chǎn)(the World Heritage Sites)目錄,也是中國(guó)第一批國(guó)家5A級(jí)旅游景區(qū)之一。
參考翻譯:
The Summer Palace is situated in the Haidian District,northwest of Beijing City,15 kilometers fromcentral Beijing.It is the largest and most well-preserved royal park in China.It also has long beenrecognizcd as “the Museum of Royal Gardens”with famous natural view and cultural landscape.Theconstruction started in 1750 as a luxurious royal garden for royal families to rest and entertain.Itbecame the main residence of royal members in the end of the Qing Dynasty.It not only ranksamongst the World Heritage Sites but also is one of the first national AAAAA tourist spots in China.
1.它也一直被公認(rèn)為是“皇家園林博物館”:該句的主語(yǔ)是it,謂語(yǔ)是be recognized。其中recognize意為“確認(rèn),承認(rèn)”,be recognized as意為被公認(rèn)為。
2.頤和園始建于1750年,作為一座豪華的皇家花園供皇室成員休息和娛樂(lè):該句看似復(fù)雜,其實(shí)也可以翻譯為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。其中the Summer Palace作主語(yǔ),但為了避免和上面重復(fù),可以用the construction代替。謂語(yǔ)是start,意為“開始”,其他部分可作為狀語(yǔ)來(lái)翻譯。
3.它位列世界遺產(chǎn)目錄,也是中國(guó)第一批國(guó)家5A級(jí)旅游景區(qū)之一:該句可以譯為固定搭配not only...butalso…連接的兩個(gè)并列句。其中“位列世界遺產(chǎn)目錄”可譯為ranked amongst the World HeritageSites,amongst可等同于among。