Fans began to be used in China thousands of years ago. They were made out of many differentmaterials. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, due to progress in agriculture, silk and satinfans appeared, and they became a fashion among scholars and artists who showed theirgenius by writing and painting on the fans. Fans soon acquired considerable socialsignificance. They became a part of the standard summer costume among the learned. A greatvariety of fans have been produced in China and they still enjoy great reputation today.

　　1.在中國(guó)，扇子的使用始于數(shù)千年前：該句可譯為被動(dòng)句Fans began to be used in China thousandsof years ago,其主語(yǔ)是Fans,謂語(yǔ)則是began to be used。

　　2.漢、唐期間，農(nóng)業(yè)有了發(fā)展，絲綢和緞面的扇子開(kāi)始出現(xiàn):漢、唐期間可作為第一句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，譯為during the Han and Tang Dynasties，“農(nóng)業(yè)有了發(fā)展”其實(shí)是絲綢和緞面扇子出現(xiàn)的原因，所以這里有一層因果邏輯關(guān)系，可用因果連詞來(lái)表達(dá)。

　　英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯訓(xùn)練附答案講解2：

　　唐朝(the Tang Dynasty)是普遍公認(rèn)的中國(guó)最輝煌的時(shí)期之一。唐朝時(shí)期許多領(lǐng)域得到了巨大的發(fā)展。唐朝的疆域在軍事擴(kuò)張下已超過(guò)了漢朝(the Han Dynasty)。農(nóng)業(yè)和灌溉工具有了很大的進(jìn)步，農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)十分發(fā)達(dá)。在商業(yè)上，唐朝與更多國(guó)家有了貿(mào)易往來(lái)。唐朝也是文學(xué)和藝術(shù)的黃金時(shí)期。盛唐時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了整整一代文學(xué)巨匠，其中包括唐詩(shī)“雙圣”李白和杜甫

　　The Tang Dynasty is universally recognized as one of the most glorious periods in China. It hasseen great progress in many fields. The territory in the Tang Dynasty, acquired throughmilitary expansion, was greater than that in the Han Dynasty. Great advances have beenmade in agriculture and irrigation tools, making a prosperous agricultural economy. In business,the Tang Dynasty had trade contacts with more countries. The Tang Dynasty was also thegolden age of literature and arts. In the high Tang period, there appeared a whole generation ofliterary giants including Li Bai and Du Fu, the twin masters of the Tang poetry.

　　1.在第1句中，修飾“時(shí)期”的定語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，可考慮把形容詞“普遍公認(rèn)的”轉(zhuǎn)譯為動(dòng)詞詞組be universallyrecognized as...;“中國(guó)”則處理成地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，譯為比China，置于句末。

　　2.翻譯第3句時(shí)可套用be greater than...這種表比較的句型，該句是把唐朝的疆域與漢朝的疆域進(jìn)行比較，故than后面需增譯代詞that，用于指代前面提到的territory，即than that in the Han Dynasty，注意不能直接譯成 than the Han Dynasty。

　　3.第4句的前半句和后半句有一定的因果聯(lián)系，翻譯時(shí)可將后半句“農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)十分發(fā)達(dá)”處理成結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ) making a prosperous agricultural economy 來(lái)表達(dá)。

　　4.最后一句是無(wú)主語(yǔ)句，“出現(xiàn)了整整一代文學(xué)巨匠”可用存現(xiàn)句型there appeared來(lái)表達(dá)。“其中包括……”補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明前面的情況，可用分詞短語(yǔ)including…來(lái)表達(dá)。“唐詩(shī)‘雙圣’”可處理成“李白和杜甫”的同位語(yǔ)，譯作 thetwin masters of the Tang poetry，置于其后。

　　英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯訓(xùn)練附答案講解3：

　　淸華大學(xué)(Tsinghua University)始建于1911年，時(shí)名為“清華學(xué)堂”，后曾數(shù)次更名：從成立后一年的“清華學(xué)校”到1925年大學(xué)部成立三年后的“國(guó)立清華大學(xué)”。淸華大學(xué)以自強(qiáng)不息、厚德載物(Self-Discipline andSocial Commitment)為校訓(xùn)，致力于優(yōu)異的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)，為中國(guó)社會(huì)和全球發(fā)展謀福祉。一直以來(lái)，清華大學(xué)被國(guó)內(nèi)外多數(shù)大學(xué)排行榜視為中國(guó)大陸頂尖的髙等學(xué)府之一。

　　Tsinghua University was originally established in" 1911'under the name "Tsinghua College" andhad been renamed several times since then: from "Tsinghua School" which was used one yearafter its establishment, to "National Tsinghua University"which was adopted three years afterthe foundation of its university section in 1925. With its motto of Self-Discipline and SocialCommitment, Tsinghua University describes itself as being dedicated to academicexcellence,the well-being of Chinese society and global development. It has been consistentlyregarded by most domestic and international university rankings as one of the top higherlearning institutions in Chinese mainland.

　　1.清華大學(xué)始建于1911年，時(shí)名為“清華學(xué)堂”，后曾數(shù)次更名：從成立后一年的“清華學(xué)校”到1925年大學(xué)部成立三年后的“國(guó)立清華大學(xué)”,分號(hào)后可譯為兩個(gè)which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，分別修飾“清華學(xué)校”和“國(guó)立清華大學(xué)”，即 “Tsinghua School” which was used…和 “National Tsinghua University” which wasadopted^ “成立”可用establish表達(dá)，其同義詞有:build, found, constitute。

　　2.清華大學(xué)以自強(qiáng)不息、厚德v物為校訓(xùn)，致力于優(yōu)異的學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)，為中國(guó)社會(huì)和全球發(fā)展謀福祉:“以...為校訓(xùn)”可用with its motto of...表示。“清華大學(xué)致力于..."可譯為describes itself as being dedicatedto...,這樣更符合英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣。能表達(dá)“致力于”的詞組還有：devote oneself to、apply oneself to,commitoneself to。

　　3.—直以來(lái)，清華大學(xué)被國(guó)內(nèi)外多數(shù)大學(xué)排行榜視為中國(guó)大陸頂尖的高等學(xué)府之一：“國(guó)內(nèi)外”可譯為domestic and international。“在國(guó)內(nèi)外"可譯為at home andabroad in the domestic andoverseas。“排行榜”翻譯為ranking。“頂尖的”翻譯為top。“高等學(xué)府”翻譯為higher learninginstitutions。