參考翻譯:

　　Shadow play is one of the oldest operas in China. It was rooted in ancient Chang'an over 2,000years ago and prevailed in the Tang and Song Dynasties.It was a popular folk drama in ancientChina and also the ancestor of films in the worid. At that time, it brought people pleasure asmodern movies and TVs do.Actors sing with the music, and control shadow tools at the sametime.The contents of those plays are more about traditional historical dramas and fablestories.Shadow play is the treasure among the world's cultures and arts.

　　1.它起源于2000多年前的古長安，盛行于唐代和宋代：“起源于”可譯為be rooted in。“盛行于”可譯為prevail in, prevail意為“盛行，流行”。

　　2.當(dāng)時(shí)，它就像現(xiàn)代的電影和電視一樣給人們帶來歡樂：“當(dāng)時(shí)”可譯為at that time。“就像現(xiàn)代的電影和電視一樣”可用as引導(dǎo)的從句來表示，即as modern movies and TVs do。“給人們帶來歡樂”可譯為bringpeople pleasure。

　　3.表演者跟著音樂歌唱，同時(shí)控制著皮影工具：“跟著音樂歌唱”可譯為sing with the music, with意為“跟著，隨著”。“同時(shí)”可譯為at the same time,還可譯為meanwhile、in the meantime。“控制著皮影工具”中“控制”可譯為control,常用短語為incontrol(控制中)，out of control(失去控制)等。“皮影工具”則為shadow tools。

　　英語四級(jí)翻譯訓(xùn)練和答案講解2：

　　據(jù)說在中國,蠟染(wax printing)早在秦末或者漢初就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)，但它最初作為成品出現(xiàn)是在唐朝。蠟染是“絲綢之路”的商品之一，這些商品被出口到歐洲和其他地方。蠟染在中國是代代傳承下來的。它是苗族(Miaoethnic minority)獨(dú)特的繪畫和手工染色工藝。作為中國最具有民族特色的藝術(shù)之一，蠟染產(chǎn)品的種類很多，有墻上掛飾、郵包、書包、桌套等等。

　　參考翻譯:

　　It is believed that wax printing appeared in China as early as the late Qin or early Han Dynasty,but it first occurred as a finished product during the Tang Dynasty. It was one of “the SilkRoad" goods that were exported to Europe and elsewhere.Wax printing has been passed downfrom generation to generation in China. It is a unique drawing and dyeing handwork of the Miaoethnic minority. As one of the most characteristic national arts in China, wax printingproducts are various including wall hangings, letter bags, bags, table-clothes and so on.

　　1.據(jù)說在中國，蠟染早在秦末或者漢初就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn):“據(jù)說”可譯為it is said that 或it is believed that。表示時(shí)間狀語的詞“秦末”和“漢初”分別可譯為the late Qin Dynasty和the early Han Dynasty。“早在”可翻譯為as early as。

　　2.但它最初作為成品出現(xiàn)是在唐朝:該句中的“出現(xiàn)”可譯為occur,避免與上文重復(fù)，其是不及物動(dòng)詞。“成品”可譯為a finished product,動(dòng)詞的過去分詞可以表示動(dòng)作已完成。

　　3.蠟染在中國是代代傳承下來的:“代代”可譯為from generation to generation, from…to意為“從一個(gè)到另一個(gè)' “流傳’’可譯為pass down。

　　4.中國最具有民族特色的藝術(shù)之一:“最…之一”可翻譯為“one of the+形容詞最高級(jí)”的形式。“民族特色的藝術(shù)”可譯為characteristic national art。

　　英語四級(jí)翻譯訓(xùn)練和答案講解3：

　　中國的教育體制分為三個(gè)階段：基礎(chǔ)教育、高等教育和成人教育。基礎(chǔ)教育包括學(xué)前教育(pre-schooleducation)、小學(xué)和中學(xué)。高等教育由職業(yè)專科學(xué)校、學(xué)院和大學(xué)組成。1986年，中國開始實(shí)行從小學(xué)到初中的九年制義務(wù)教育(nine-year compulsory education)政策。中國政府把教育放在優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略地位，提出了“科教興國”的戰(zhàn)略方針。在政府和人民的共同努力下，中國的教育取得了歷史性的成就。

　　The Chinese educational system is divided into three stages: basic education, higher educationand adult education. Basic education is comprised of pre-school education, primary school andsecondary school. Higher education consists of vocational schools, colleges and universities. In1986, China began to implement the policy of nine-year compulsory education from primaryschool to junior high school. The Chinese government has placed strategic priority ondeveloping education, advancing the strategy of developing the nation by relying on the scienceand education. With the joint efforts of both the government and the people, historicachievements have been made in Chinese education.

　　1.第1句中的“分為三個(gè)階段”實(shí)表被動(dòng)的意義，故譯為be divided into...。

　　2.第4句中的定語“從小學(xué)到初中的”較長，故將其處理成后置定語，用介詞短語from primary school tojunior high school 來表達(dá)。

　　3.第5句中的兩個(gè)分句均比較長可考慮用并列結(jié)構(gòu)譯出：The Chinese government has placed strategicpriority on... and advanced the strategy...。但不如將后半句“提出了......的戰(zhàn)略方針”處理成表伴隨的狀語，譯作advancing the strategy...，使句子邏輯關(guān)系更為清晰。“提出”可譯作put forward或advance。

　　4.最后一句中的“在政府和人民的共同努力下”可用介詞短語with the joint efforts of both thegovernment and the people來表達(dá)。翻譯“中國的教育取得了歷史性的成就”時(shí)，為了符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣，宜轉(zhuǎn)化原賓語“歷史性的成就”為主語，原主語“中國的教育”處理為狀語，全句用被動(dòng)語態(tài)譯出，表達(dá)為historic achievements have been made in Chinese education。