名師解析：英語四級翻譯－倒裝與強調(diào)
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翻譯
一．倒裝 1．當“only+狀語”位于句首表示強調(diào)時用倒裝，如不在句首或雖在句首但不修辭狀語時用正常語序。
Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.
只有當你獲得足夠的數(shù)據(jù)時，你才能得出正確的結(jié)論。
Only in this way can we catch up with the world’s advanced levels in science and technology.
只有這樣我們才能趕上世界的先進科學技術(shù)水平。
其他如：only then, only once, only in America\China, only after the accident等。
真題重現(xiàn)
【CET-6：2007.6】Only in the small town_________.
(他才感到安全和放松)
參考答案：does she feel secure and relaxed
2．never等具有否定意義的詞或詞組居于句首時用倒裝。
這類詞或詞組常用的有：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, not until, by no means, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(決不), in no case(決不), neither …(nor), no sooner…(than), hardly…(when), barely(僅僅，幾乎不), on no account, in no circumstances(決不), not a bit, nowhere, not only…but also等。
Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet. 丘吉爾不僅是一位政治家，還是一位詩人。
Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense. 我從未聽到過這種胡說！
真題重現(xiàn)
【CET-6：2007.12】 The witness was told that under no circumstances_____________.
(他都不應該對法庭說謊)
參考答案：should he lie to the court.
【CET-6：2007.1】 ______________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.
參考答案Not until the deadline did he send (out)
3．the more…, the more結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝。
【CET-4：2006.6】90. The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂).
參考答案：the more confused I am
二．強調(diào)句
1．It is/was +被強調(diào)部分+that/who…
對于這個結(jié)構(gòu)，需要注意以下幾點：
①強調(diào)句型中的系動詞除is和was之外，沒有其他形式的變化;
②被強調(diào)部分如果是人，可以用who, 也可以用that,其他情況用that（常識性知識，一般不能作為考點）。
③在not…until句型里，如果強調(diào)由until所引導的時間狀語時，not須跟在until之前，即構(gòu)成It is not until…that結(jié)構(gòu)。
It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the serious situation.
她不知道如何應對這種嚴重情況是因為她太缺乏經(jīng)驗了。
It is because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.
正是因為水漲了，他們沒有渡過河去。
注：強調(diào)的如果是原因狀語從句，只能由because引導，不能由since, as或why引導。
It was not until the second year that he has adapted himself to the college life.
直到第二年他才適應了大學生活。
真題重現(xiàn)
【CET-6：2007.1】 ______________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.
參考答案：It was not until the deadline that he sent (out)
Only when you have obtained sufficient data can you come to a sound conclusion.
Only in this way can we catch up with the world’s advanced levels in science and technology.
只有這樣我們才能趕上世界的先進科學技術(shù)水平。
其他如：only then, only once, only in America\China, only after the accident等。
真題重現(xiàn)
【CET-6：2007.6】Only in the small town_________.
參考答案：does she feel secure and relaxed
2．never等具有否定意義的詞或詞組居于句首時用倒裝。
這類詞或詞組常用的有：never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, not until, by no means, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(決不), in no case(決不), neither …(nor), no sooner…(than), hardly…(when), barely(僅僅，幾乎不), on no account, in no circumstances(決不), not a bit, nowhere, not only…but also等。
Not only was Churchill a statesman, but also a poet. 丘吉爾不僅是一位政治家，還是一位詩人。
Never in all my life have I heard such nonsense. 我從未聽到過這種胡說！
真題重現(xiàn)
【CET-6：2007.12】 The witness was told that under no circumstances_____________.
(他都不應該對法庭說謊)
參考答案：should he lie to the court.
【CET-6：2007.1】 ______________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.
參考答案Not until the deadline did he send (out)
3．the more…, the more結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝。
【CET-4：2006.6】90. The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂).
參考答案：the more confused I am
二．強調(diào)句
1．It is/was +被強調(diào)部分+that/who…
對于這個結(jié)構(gòu)，需要注意以下幾點：
①強調(diào)句型中的系動詞除is和was之外，沒有其他形式的變化;
③在not…until句型里，如果強調(diào)由until所引導的時間狀語時，not須跟在until之前，即構(gòu)成It is not until…that結(jié)構(gòu)。
It is because she is too inexperienced that she does not know how to deal with the serious situation.
她不知道如何應對這種嚴重情況是因為她太缺乏經(jīng)驗了。
It is because the water had risen that they could not cross the river.
正是因為水漲了，他們沒有渡過河去。
It was not until the second year that he has adapted himself to the college life.
直到第二年他才適應了大學生活。
真題重現(xiàn)
【CET-6：2007.1】 ______________(直到截止日他才寄出) his application form.
參考答案：It was not until the deadline that he sent (out)