英語四級翻譯真題及答案
英語四級翻譯真題(一):紅色
參考譯文:
The color of red in Chinese culture usually means good luck, longevity and happiness. Red can be found everywhere during Chinese Spring Festival and other joyous occasions. Cashes often in red envelopes are sent to family members or close friends as gifts. Its popularity can also be attributed the fact that people accociate it with Chinese revolution and Communist Party. However, it does not always equal to good luck and joy in that the name of the dead used to be written in red. Using red ink to write names of Chinese people were seen as an offense.
英語四級翻譯真題(二):白色
隨著中國的改革開放,如今很多年輕人都喜歡舉行西式婚禮。新娘在婚禮上穿著白色婚紗,因為白色被認為是純潔的象征。然而,在中國傳統文化中,白色經常是葬禮上使用的顏色。因此務必記住,白花一定不要用作祝人康復的禮物,尤其不要送給老年人或危重病人。同樣,禮金也不能裝在白色信封里,而要裝在紅色信封里。
參考范文:
With China’s reform and opening up, many young people tend to hold Western-style weddings these days. The bride wears a white wedding dress at the wedding, because white is considered as a symbol of purity. However, in traditional Chinese culture, white is often used in funerals, so be sure to remember that white flowers must not be used as a gift to the patient, especially not to the seniors or critically illed patients. Similarly, the cash gift cannot be packed in a white envelope, but in a red envelope.
英語四級翻譯真題(三):黃色
在中國文化中,黃顏色是一種很重要的顏色,因為它具有獨特的象征意義。在封建(feudal)社會中,它象征統治者的權力和權威。那時,黃色是專為皇帝使用的顏色,皇家宮殿全都漆成黃色,皇袍總是黃色的,而普通老百姓是禁止穿黃色衣服的。在中國,黃色也是收獲的象征。秋天莊稼成熟時,田野變得一片金黃。人們興高采烈,慶祝豐收。
參考范文:
The color of Yellow, because of its unique symbolic meaning, is very important in Chinese culture. In feudal society, it represents the rulers’ power and authority. At that time, the color was exclusively used for the emperor—the royal palace was painted yellow and the imperial robe was always yellow. However, the ordinary people were forbidden to wear clothes of the color yellow. In China, it also signifies harvest. The fields grow golden yellow in autumn when the crops mature. People celebrate the harvest cheerfully.
英語四級翻譯技巧
1.理解為首要原則
拿到翻譯題之后,先確定原句的意思。如果句子較長,可以先找主、謂、賓、定、狀、補,分析清楚句子結構,然后再理解。
很多考生過分側重對翻譯技巧的訓練,拿著翻譯題就一味想著把英文往中文里套,卻沒有意識到自己對原文的理解實際上就有偏差,這就很難得到理想的分數了。
2. 幾種變通手段
翻譯時不能簡單地或機械地逐字照譯,硬湊成英文,必須認真分析上下文,掌握詞的確切含義,然后用適當的英文表達,必要時應采用變通手段。
1)增詞、減詞
譯文的增詞、減詞都是為了更確切、更忠實地表達原文的含義和精神。
如“感冒可以通過人的手傳染”可以譯為Flu can be spread by hand contact.其中的contact(接觸)就是根據譯文需要添加上的。
而“百姓出現做飯點火難現象”中的“現象”一詞可以省略,只譯成“people do not even have matches to light their stoves.”就足以表達原文中的信息。
2)詞類轉換
詞類變形和轉換,是英語語言的一個很重要的特點,特別是名詞、動詞、形容詞這三種最主要的詞類,大部分可以直接轉換使用,或者稍加變化(前綴、后綴等) 即可轉換為另一種詞類。
例如:他的演講給我們的印象很深。His speech impressed us deeply.
漢語句子中“印象”是名詞,英語句子中則換成了動詞。
3)語態轉換
漢譯英時,人們常常會簡單地認為只要按照原句的語態處理就行了。事實上,在英語中被動語態的使用頻率要遠遠高于漢語。所以我們在漢譯英時需要靈活運用語態之間的轉換。
例如:門鎖好了。The door has been locked up.
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