答案：grateful　be grateful to...意為“對……感激/感謝”。

　　2.(2015·安徽，31改編)They gave money to the old people's home either ________(person) or through their companies.

　　答案：personally　personally“私人地，個人地”。句意：他們以個人的名義或通過他們的公司給養老院捐錢。

　　3.(2015·浙江，13改編)Most of us，if we know even a little about where our food comes from，understand that every bite put into our mouths was ________(former) alive.

　　答案：formerly　formerly“先前地，以前地”。句意：如果我們了解甚至一點點有關食物是從哪兒來的，那么大多數人都懂得每一口放進我們嘴里的食物之前都是活著的。

　　4.(2015·湖北，27改編)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be________(punctuality).

　　答案：punctual　punctual準時的。句意：盡管會議大廳就在他的公寓附近，但如果他想要準時到達，他必須得快點。

　　5.(2015·湖北，28改編)I don't think what he said is ________(relevantly) to the topic we are discussing. He has missed the point.

　　答案：relevant　relevant相關的，切題的。句意：我認為他所說的話與我們正在討論的問題不相關。他沒有抓住要點。

　　6.(2015·四川，9改編)Little Tom sat ________(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.

　　答案：amazed　amazed意為“感到吃驚的”，常修飾人。句意：小湯姆吃驚地坐在那兒看著猴子在他面前跳舞。拓展：These soldiers spent three days in the old weather，cold and hungry.這些士兵們又冷又餓，在嚴寒的天氣中過了三天。

　　7.(2015·福建，23改編)It was ________(consider) of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.

　　答案：considerate　considerate考慮周到的，體貼的，常用結構It is considerate of sb. to do sth。句意：邁克爾告知我們他耽擱了一些時間，以防我們擔心真是太考慮周到了。

　　8.(2015·江蘇，31改編)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and________(comprehension) review of the case.

　　答案：comprehensive　comprehensive“全面的，詳盡的”。句意：警官們決定對這個案件做一個徹底、詳盡的審查。

　　9.(2014·課標全國Ⅰ，70改編)Just be ________(patience).

　　答案：patient　句意為：要耐心。設空前為系動詞be，因此要用提示詞的形容詞形式作表語，故填patient。

　　10.(2014·湖北，27改編)What was so ______(impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare­footed.

　　答案：impressive　句意為：賈絲明·韋斯特蘭的勝利給人印象很深的是，她赤腳取得了馬拉松的第一名。設空處和前面的系動詞was構成系表結構，所以用形容詞作表語。impressive意為“給人印象深刻的”。

　　11.(2014·陜西，16改編)—You know, I met my girlfriend's parents for the first time only yesterday.

　　—______(real)? I thought you'd met them before.

　　答案：Really　句意為：——你知道么，我就是在昨天第一次見了女友的父母。——真的嗎?我以為你以前就見過他們了呢。really意為“真的”，在此處表示驚奇。

　　12.(2013·湖北，29改編)Don't defend him any more.It's obvious that he______(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.

　　答案：deliberately　設空處修飾謂語動詞destroyed，用副詞形式。句意為：不要再為他辯解了。很顯然他是故意弄壞花園的柵欄的，他甚至都不道歉。

　　13.(2014·江西，23改編)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldn't have found it ______.

　　答案：otherwise　句意為：多謝你把我們領到這所房子，否則，我們是不可能找到它的。otherwise意為“要不然，否則”符合語境。

　　14.(2014·湖北，78改編)This novel was once the ______(wide) read book in high schools in the United States.

　　答案：most widely　句意為：這部小說曾經是美國高中閱讀最廣泛的書。根據空前的定冠詞及空后的in high schools in the United States可知，應用最高級the most widely來修飾過去分詞read，故填most widely。

　　15.(2014·遼寧，68)The ________ (hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit.He controls you!

　　答案：harder　本句是固定句式：“the+比較級，the+比較級”，表示“越……就越……”。句意為：你越是用力打他，你就越可能被打，他能夠控制你!故答案為harder。

　　二、單句改錯

　　1.(2015·新課標Ⅰ)Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.

　　答案：seriously改為serious　應用形容詞修飾名詞，不能用副詞。

　　2.(2014·遼寧)That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.

　　答案：closely改為close　closely是副詞，副詞通常不能和系動詞連用構成系表結構，應改為形容詞close，本句how close the houses are中的close本應該是在系動詞are的后面，構成系表結構are close。

　　3.(2013·廣東，23改編)But such a small thing couldn’t possible destroy a village.

　　答案：possible改為possibly　修飾動詞destroy，用副詞形式。

　　4.(2012·湖北，26改編)“Perhaps we need to send for Dr.Smith to see what we can do about it，”Father suggested tentative to his neighbor who had come to discuss the problem.

　　答案：tentative改為tentatively　修飾謂語動詞suggested，用副詞形式。

　　5.(2012·湖南，24改編)Bicycling is good exercise;beside, it does not pollute the air.

　　答案：beside改為besides　句意為：騎單車是一項非常好的運動，而且，還不會污染空氣。這里表示的是“另外，而且”表示進一步從另外一個角度闡明該問題，應用副詞besides。beside是介詞，意為“在……旁邊”。

　　6.(2015·寧夏銀川一中月考)Therefore, I told them interestedstories and how I was enjoying Brazil.

　　答案：interested改為interesting　表示“(事物本身)有趣的”，用現在分詞形式的形容詞。句意為：因此，我給他們講有趣的故事，告訴(他們)我有多么喜歡巴西。

　　7.The doctor said there was nothing seriously with her.

　　答案：seriously改為serious　修飾不定代詞nothing，用于說明其性質和程度，應該用形容詞作后置定語。

　　8.I write to my mother every week, most on Sundays.

　　答案：most改為mostly　副詞mostly表示“大部分地;主要地”，此處作“大多數”講，故將most改為mostly。most作副詞時，意為“最”。

　　9.Zaire is the second large producer of diamonds.

　　答案：large改為largest　根據句意可知，此處表示最高級意義，largest前加序數詞表示“第幾大……”。

　　10.After making a carefully examination, the doctor said, “You arein a very good state of health for a woman of your age.

　　答案：carefully改為careful　examination是名詞，要用形容詞來修飾。

　　11.The dog may be a good companion for the old. Therefore, theneed to take it for walks may be a disadvantage.

　　答案：Therefore改為However　句意為：狗或許是老年人的好朋友，然而帶著它散步可能不方便。disadvantage是關鍵詞，由此可知前后兩句是轉折關系，故用however。

　　12.Hearing the news that he failed in the exam, he felt very sadly.

　　答案：sadly改為sad　此處felt為系動詞，后面應跟形容詞作表語，故應用sad。

　　13.He has to work if he wants to live comfortable.

　　答案：comfortable改為comfortably　修飾動詞live，應用副詞comfortably。

　　14.When he was young, he read a lot, and late he became a famouswriter of his day.

　　答案：late改為later　late作形容詞或副詞，意為“遲，晚”;later作副詞，意為“后來”，符合語境。

　　15.This is a most beautiful park. I have never seen a best one before.

　　答案：best改為better　此處用比較級better，放在否定句中表達最高級含義。

　　三、語法填空

　　(2015·日照市校際聯考)

　　A man looking at his smartphone while walking across a railway crossing in Nanjing__1__(have) a close knock on Oct. 22. He was so __2__(absorb) in his smartphone that he didn't see a train approaching until it brushed past him, __3__(throw)him to the ground. This should serve __4__a warning that people should be aware of their surroundings, especially __5__ crossing roads.

　　__6__(lucky), the man survived a brush with death, but the incident forced the driver __7__(stop)the train. An 18­minute delay followed the incident, __8__led to a break in the running of other trains on the route.

　　Smartphone __9__(addicted)has spread like an infectious disease. It's evident that it will do great harm to society. What's even __10__(bad), some addicts become impatient with relatives and friends.

　　Some people blame the smartphone for the tragedy，yet in fact people's weakening self­control and self­discipline are to blame.

　　1.______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______

　　6.______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______

　　答案：

　　文章大意：如今手機上癮現象非常嚴重，對人們的生活有著很大的危害。文章告訴我們是我們的自控力和自我約束力差而導致此種現象，并非手機本身的問題。

　　1.had　考查一般過去時。根據時間狀語“on Oct. 22”可知，此處是在描述發生在過去的事情，故用一般過去時。

　　2.absorbed　考查固定短語。be absorbed in“專心致志，全神貫注”，是固定短語。

　　3.throwing　考查現在分詞。根據語境可知，此處表示“火車與他擦身而過，把他摔在了地上”，train和throw之間是主謂關系，故用現在分詞作結果狀語。

　　4.as　考查固定結構。serve as意為“起作用，產生效果”，此處表示“這應該給人們起一個警告作用”。

　　5.when/while　考查連詞。根據語境可知，此處表示“尤其是當過馬路的時候”，故用when或while，此處是“主語+系動詞”的省略。可還原為：especially when/while they are crossing roads。

　　6.Luckily　考查副詞。幸運的是，這個男子與死亡擦肩而過，但是這個事件迫使駕駛員停下了火車。在句首應該用lucky的副詞形式，即Luckily。

　　7.to stop　考查動詞不定式。force sb. to do sth.意為“迫使某人做某事”，為固定結構。

　　8.which　考查非限制性定語從句。因為這件事耽擱了18分鐘，導致路線上其他火車的運行中斷了。此處用which引導非限制性定語從句，指代前面的“An 18­minute delay”。

　　9.addiction　考查名詞。分析句子成分可知，此處作主語，意為“手機上癮”，故用addicted的名詞形式addiction，意為“上癮”。addict作為名詞時，意為“對……著迷的人”，此處不符合語境。

　　10.worse　考查形容詞比較級。what's even worse意為“甚至更糟糕的是”，even修飾比較級，故用worse。

　　四、短文改錯

　　(2015·云南師大附中適應性考試)

　　Alibaba founder Jack Ma, his company has been valued at more than $ 221 billion of which Ma owned 6%, is put in the top position among China's wealthiest. But he stays outside the list of the world's 10 rich people.

　　Fought against a hard life, young Ma still managed to learn English well enough to gain a degree and became a teacher. Afterwards he started a translation agency in which took him to the US, where he introduced to the Internet. His fate was bound to change before he was accidentally appointed to take an American visitor Jerry Yang, a co­founder of Yahoo, in a tour of the Great Wall. The meeting obvious proved to be a turning point for all of them, promoting the birth of Alibaba and the later cooperation with Jerry Yang.

　　答案：

　　Alibaba founder Jack Ma, company has been valued at more than $ 221 billion of which Ma 6%, is put in the top position among China's wealthiest. But he stays outside the list of the world's 10 people.

　　against a hard life, young Ma still managed to learn English well enough to gain a degree and became a teacher. Afterwards he started a translation agency in which took him to the US, where he introduced to the Internet. His fate was bound to change he was accidentally appointed to take an American visitor Jerry Yang, a co­founder of Yahoo, a tour of the Great Wall. The meeting proved to be a turning point for of them, promoting the birth of Alibaba and the later cooperation with Jerry Yang.

　　解析：

　　第一處：his→whose　考查定語從句。第一句話主干成分是Jack Ma is put in the top position，所以逗號后應該是定語從句，所以把his改為whose。

　　第二處：owned→owns　考查時態。由第一段時態可知。

　　第三處：rich→richest　考查形容詞的最高級。世界上最富有的十個人，所以用最高級。

　　第四處：Fought→Fighting　考查非謂語動詞。句子主語young Ma與fight之間構成邏輯上的主謂關系，所以用其­ing形式。

　　第五處：去掉which前的in　考查定語從句。定語從句部分took him to the US缺少主語，所以用關系代詞which。而in which相當于關系副詞where。

　　第六處：introduced前加was　考查語態。此處是他被介紹到網絡上，應該用被動語態。

　　第七處：before→when或after　考查連詞。在他帶領雅虎的創辦人美國旅游家Jerry Yang游覽長城時(后)，他的命運必定會改變。

　　第八處：in→to　考查介詞。分析句子，此處是與前面的took連在一起的，所以是take sb. to some place領某人去某地。

　　第九處：obvious→obviously　考查形容詞與副詞。修飾動詞proved用副詞。

　　第十處：all→both　考查代詞。此處提到了兩個人Jack Ma和Jerry Yang。