大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練題(一)

　　Thus, one can find every type of tamely arrangement. There are marriages without children;marriages with children from only the present marriages; marriages with“full - time”childrenfrom both the present and former marriages; marriages with“full- time”children from thepresent marriage and“part- time”childrenfrom former marriages. There are stepfathers,stepmothers, half- brothers and half-sisters. It is not all that unusual for a child to have fourparents and eight grandparents! These are enormous changes from the traditional nuclearfamily. But even so, even in the midst of all this, there remains one constant: most Americansspend most of their adult lives married.

　　練習題：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.By calling Americans a marrying people the writer means that ________.

　　A.Americans are more traditional than Europeans

　　B More Americans prefer marriage and at a younger age than European

　　C.most divorced individuals remarry

　　D.marriage is the most important part of American life

　　2.From the first paragraph we can know that ____

　　A.traditional marriage now runs into difficulty

　　B.marriage rate has been rising since the 1970

　　C.marriage rate in Europe is rather low

　　D.European marry when they are quite old

　　3.Which of the following can be presented as the picture of today’s Americanfamilies?

　　A. There are no nuclear families any more.

　　B. A family usually consists of only a husband ,a wife and two or three children

　　C. a child usually has four grandparents

　　D. Many types of family rearrangements have become socially acceptable.

　　4. “Part-time ”children ____

　　A.do part-time job to earn their living

　　B.spend all of their time with one parent from the previous marriage

　　C.are shared between the two former spouses

　　D.are quite unusual even in the U.S.A

　　5.Even though great changes have taken place in the structure of American families, ________ .

　　A. the functions of marriage remain unchanged

　　B. most Americans prefer a second marriage

　　C. the vast majority of Americans still have faith in marriage

　　D. nuclear family is alive and thriving

　　大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練題答案

　　1.[B] 事實細節題。本題考查特殊符號處。作者在第1段第2句很清楚地在Americans are a marrying people后面用冒號引出對這一說法的解釋。對比選項A與選項B，就可發現選項A不夠完整。

　　2.[A] 推理判斷題。第1段第1句的主語揭示了答案應為選項A。選項B與原文第1段第3句的陳述不符，選項C和D均無原文依據。

　　3.[D] 推理判斷題。本題涉及第2段的理解，該段第1句是一個主語從句，也可視為該段的主題句，點出了本段的主題是nuclear family，該段其他句子描述了什么是nuclear family。本題其實考査哪個選項是對nuclear family的正確描述，明白了第2段的結構后，找出正確答案就不難了。

　　4.[C] 推理判斷題。在最后一段第1句中，通過對比full-time和part-time的本義，以及聯系上下文講到的家庭現象，可以推斷出part-time children應是指時不時和父親或母親生活的小孩，由此可見，選項C是正確答案。 選項A毫無原文依據，B明顯錯誤，題干中問的是part-time children，故顯然不可能spend all of their time,否則修飾語就應該是full-time,選項D與“It is not all that unusual…”相悖。

　　5.[C] 推理判斷題。文章結尾處暗示了答案。原文并未討論婚姻的功能，故選項A不對，選項B并無依據，選項D有悖第2段第1句的意思。

　　大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練題(二)

　　A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life,asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to befair?” Her question was agood one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster:life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s absolutely true. One of the mistakes many of usmake is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thinking that life should be fair, or thatsomeday it will be. It’s not and it won’t be.

　　One of the nice things about surrendering to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us fromfeeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. Weknow it’s not “life’s job”to make everything perfect: it’s our own challenge. Surrendering tothis fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone isdealt a different hand; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growingup, facing the reality and making decisions; and everyone has those times that they feelunfairly treated.

　　The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve ourown lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should. When we don’trecognize or admit that life isn’t fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. Pity, ofcourse, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feelworse than they already do. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however, we feelcompassion for others and for ourselves. And compassion is a heartfelt emotion thatdelivers loving-kindness to everyone it touches. The next time you find yourself thinking aboutthe injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. Youmay be surprisedthat it can make you out of self-pity and into helpful action.

　　練習題：

　　Choose correct answers to the question:

　　1.The author thought of his friend's question as a good one, because _______.

　　A. he also wanted to know who held such an opinion

　　B. it made him recall something during his childhood

　　C. like his friend, he also thought life was unfair

　　D. he learned something from the question as a youngster

　　2.Surrendering to the fact that life isn't fair will ________.

　　A. keep us from making everything perfect

　　B. keep us from doing everything in our power

　　C. make us face challenges in the life bravely

　　D. make us know it's our duty to perfect things

　　3.The second paragraph of the passage mainly discusses _______.

　　A. it's nice to accept the injustice of life

　　B. it's nice to surrender to the life

　　C. we should not surrender to the life

　　D. we should not feel sorry for ourselves

　　4.In the last paragraph, “this very basic fact” refers to the fact that ________.

　　A. you should not pity for others

　　B. life isn't and won't be fair

　　C. sympathy is a heartfelt emotion

　　D. pity is a self-defeating emotion

　　5.From the passage, we can learn that the author's attitude to life is ________.

　　A. positive B. negative C. Self-pity D. indifferent

　　大學英語四級閱讀理解訓練題答案

　　1.[C] 推理判斷題。本題考查隱含的因果關系。第1段破折號后面的內容為隱含的原因，由此可見C為本題正確選項A沒有原文依據，選項B與結論并無合理的因果關系，選項D對原文有曲解，原文是說這個問題使作者想起了年輕時候的往事，而并不是選項D中說的leam from the question。

　　2.[D] 事實細節題。本題考查復合句的理解。第2段首句中 do the very best we can 與第2句We know…it’s our challenge表明選項D為本題正確答案。本題最具干擾性的是選項C，其中的challenge在第2句明確提到，但是此處的challenge不是指挑戰生活，而是指本句第一個分句中提到的“讓所有事情完美”。

　　3.[A] 主旨大意題。本段第1句是主題句,理解這個同位語從句是關鍵,只有選項A表達了這一句的意思。要注意其中surrender的賓語是the fact that life isn’t fair,而不是life,這樣就可以否定最具干擾性的B選項了。

　　4.[B] 詞義推斷題。本題考查this所指的理解。最后一段倒數第2句中,this very basic fact指的是本句的從句中的the injustices of the world,另外，短語the fact that life isn’t fair在文中反復出現，是本文的主題，因此結合上下文可以推出答案。其余三項雖然在文中均有提及,但只是個別細節,并非作者反復強調的中心話題。

　　5.[A] 觀點態度題。作者批評了自憐的情緒,提出對他人要有同情心,強調承認生活不公平并不是向生活妥協,而是將我們從自我憐憫中擺脫出來，采取一些有積極意義的行動，由此可見，作者對生活的態度是積極的，即選項A。

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