2017大學英語四級真題模擬練習及解析
2017大學英語四級真題模擬練習一
Russian officials, quoted in the local media, have __2__ blamed the previous crew for overeating during their one-month mission earlier this year, leaving a __3__ of meat and milk and a surplus of juice and confectionery .
The Dec. 24 launch of the next Progress is now __4__ for the crew, stationed in orbit since October. It is due to __5__ with the ISS on Dec. 21.
NASA officials said their situation was not so different from being cut off on Earth, and their lives were not at risk. If they do not receive __6__supplies, the astronauts would have to __7__ the station and return to Earth on the Soyuz capsule that is docked there.
Russia has been the sole lifeline to the ISS for almost two years when the United States grounded its __8__ fleet after the fatal Columbia accident. Russia has often __9__ of its financial struggle to keep the ISS fully serviced single-handedly. Shuttle flights could __10__in May, officials have said, but in the meantime Russia will continue to launch all manned and cargo ships.
A) deficit B) complaine C) severely D) allowance
E) considerately F) shuttle G) evacuate H) absently
I) adequate J) dock K) resume L) vital
M) trivial N) evaluate O) fresh
2017大學英語四級真題模擬練習答案解析
1. D 空格前為形容詞daily,空格后為連詞and和an amount,分析句子結構可知,此處應填入一個名詞。原文提到,俄羅斯和美國宇航員被要求減少攝取飲食中的熱量,被減少的熱量相當于三杯可樂的熱量,大約減少了他們日常的10%,顯然破折號前面的daily diet和此處的daily 表達相同的含義,結合選項可知daily allowance最合適,意為“每日供給量”。
2. C 空格前為have,空格后為blamed,判斷此處應該填一個副詞。選項中可以修飾blame的只有severely “嚴厲地”。
3. A 空格前為不定冠詞a,判斷此處應該填一個名詞。分析句子結構可知,a of meat and milk和a surplus of juice and confectionery為并列結構,故此處應填一個和surplus相對或者相近的名詞,結合選項,此處可填入 deficit,意為“不足”。
4. L 空格前出現了系動詞is,空格后為for the crew,此處要表達下一階段的12月24日的發射對自從10月份就駐扎在太空軌道中的宇航員們來說是…,結合選項中給出的形容詞,只有vital合適,意為“重要的”。
5. J 空格前為不定式符號to,后為介詞with,分析此處應填入動詞原形,且與with構成搭配。根據上下文語境:在12月21日,它將和國際空間站…,動詞選項中只有dock符合文意,dock with為固定結構,意為“與 對接”。
6. O 空格前為動詞,空格后為名詞,分析此處應填一個形容詞,來修飾空格后的名詞。此處指出,如果他們沒有收到供給,宇航員就不得不返回地球,結合選項中的形容詞,此處填入fresh符合句意,fresh supplies意為 “新鮮供應”,也指“新增補給”。
7. G 空格前為have to,空格后為the station,分析此處應填一個動詞原形。此處語境為:但如果他們沒有收到新鮮的供給,宇航員就不得不…空間站并返回到位于地球的聯盟號宇宙飛船中。回到地球,肯定就要“離開”空間 站,選項中只有表示“離開,撤離”。
8. F 空格前為形容詞性物主代詞its(指美國的),空后為名詞fleet,顯然its fleet要表達的是“美國的 艦隊”。此處語境為:自哥倫比亞號失事后,美國停飛了它的……,而這兩年的時間里俄羅斯一直是國際空間站的唯一的生命線。此處顯然要填表示“飛機;飛船” 的單詞,shuttle fleet意為“航天飛機”,為固定搭配,符合句意。
9. B 空格前有助動詞has,空格后為介詞of,判斷空處應填一個動詞的過去分詞,且可與of搭配。此處要表達:俄羅斯經常…它獨自維持國際空間站運營的財政困難,結合選項,俄羅斯顯然是在“抱怨”,complain of...意 為“抱怨……”,符合句意。
10. K空格前為情態動詞could,空格后為in May,判斷此處應填一個不及物動詞。此句意為“官員說道,航天飛機會在五月…,但同時,俄羅斯會繼續發射載人和載物飛船。”結合選項只有resume符合文意,意為“重新開始 (飛行)”。
2017大學英語四級真題模擬練習二
According to a paper to be published in Psychological Science this has an interesting psychological effect. A group of researchers, led by Eugene Caruso of the University of Chicago, found that people judge the distance of events 1 , depending on whether they are in the past or future. The paper calls this the "Temporal Doppler Effect". In physics, the Doppler Effect describes the way that waves change frequency depending on whether their 2 is travelling towards or away from you. Mr. Caruso argues that something similar happens with people’s perception of time. Because future events are associated with diminishing distance, while those in the past are thought of as 3 , something happening in one month feels psychologically 4 than something that happened a month ago.
This idea was tested in a series of experiments. In one, researchers asked 323 5 and divided them into two groups. A week before Valentine’s day, members of the first were asked how they planned to celebrate it. A week after February 14th the second group reported how they had celebrated it. Both groups also had to describe how near the day felt on a 6 of one to seven. Those describing forthcoming plans-were more likely to report it as feeling "a short time from now", while those who had already 7 it tended to cluster at the "a long time from now" end of the scale. To account for the risk that recalling actual events requires different cognitive functions than imagining ones that have not yet happened, they also asked participants to 8 the distance of hypothetical events a month in the past or future. The asymmetry (不對稱) remained.
Mr. Caruso speculates that his research has 9 for psychological well-being. He suspects that people who do not show this bias-those who feel the past as being closer-might be more 10 to rumination( 沉思)or depression ,because they are more likely to dwell on past events.
A) advancing B) apparently C)available D)closer
E)differently F)evaluate G)experienced H)implications
I)prospect J)rate K)receding L)scale
M)source N)subject O)volunteers
2017大學英語四級真題模擬練習答案解析
1.E) 空格所在賓語從句主謂賓完整,推測應填入副詞。后文提到“依據它們是已經歷過的還是沒發生的而有所不同”,因此differently“不同地”為答案。備選副詞中apparently“顯然地”與句意不符,故排除。
2.M) 空格位于人稱代詞所有格后,應填入名詞作主語。根據后半句“向你走來還是遠離你”可知,此處單詞應與波形的運動方式或發出點有關,因此source“來源”符合句意,故為答案。備選名詞中implications“暗示”、prospect“前景”、scale“等級”和volunteers“志愿者” 與句意不符,故均排除。
3.K) 空格在介詞as之后,推測應填入動詞-ing形式或名詞。空格所在句為原因狀語從句,并有連接詞while表示兩種情況的對比,主句的大意是“一個月后要發生的事情在心理上感覺比一個月前發生過的事情距離更近”。空格處單詞描述的是those in past,因此應與“距離遠”的意思相關。因此receding“(距離上)逐漸遠離”為答案。備選-ing形式動詞中,advancing意為“前進”,與文意不符,故排除。
4.D) 空格位于than前,可知應填入形容詞比較級。前文說到,未來的事情與距離消失相關,過去的事情往往傾向于遠離,即未來的事情我們會感覺近些,過去的事情我們感覺遠些。closer“更近的”符合文意,故為答案。備選形容詞中,只有一個比較級,亦可直接選出答案。
5.O) 空格位于數字323之后,故應填入復數可數名詞。結合句意“研究者邀請了323名____,并把他們分成兩組。”可知,volunteers“志愿者”與文意相符,故為答案。在備選名詞中,另一個復數形式的名詞implications“暗示”與文意不符,故排除;備選詞subject也可看作是名詞“受試者”,但不是復數形式,故排除。
6.L) 空格在不定冠詞a與介詞of之間,應填入名詞。結合句意 “兩組都被要求按一至七的描述他們對情人節感覺的距離”可知,on a scale of“按……的等級”與文意相符,故L為答案。備選名詞中prospect“前景”和implications“暗示”均不符合句意,故排除。
7.G) 空格與前面的主動詞had構成定語從句的謂語,推測應填入過去分詞。前文提到那些描述未來計劃的人感覺時間短,后文應表達的是那些描述已經過去事件者的感覺,因此experienced“經歷”符合句意,故為答案。其他備選動詞形式不符,可直接排除。
8.J) 空格在動詞不定式to后,應填入動詞原形。前文提到了研究人員要求志愿者們給未來和已經發生事情的遠近感覺評1~7的等級,因此這里的意思應是他們還要求參與者為想象中未來和過去事情的遠近感覺評等級,故rate“評級”為答案。備選動詞中evaluate“評價”意思相近,但不如rate表意準確,故排除。
9.H) 空格位于動詞has后,且后接for,應填入能與for搭配的名詞,因此implications“暗示”為答案。
10. N) 空格位于謂語might be后,且前面有more修飾,后接不定式to,推測應填入能與to搭配的形容詞原形。結合句意 “他懷疑那些沒有這種偏向性的人們,……可能更常——多思或沮喪的侵擾”。be subject to“受……支配,常遭受”符合文意.故N為答案。備選形容詞中available不與to搭配,故排除。