1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。動名詞doing表示習慣的，經常的動作。

e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult.

Todosuchthingsisfoolish.

Toseeistobelieve.(對等)

注:1).不定式作主語時,謂語用單數

2).當主語較長，謂語較短時，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。

it做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之后常用于下列結構中：

(1)Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todo…

(2)Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo…

Itiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessary

(3)itis+a+名詞+todo...

Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/one’sduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjob…todo

Ittakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…

Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…

注意:probable和possible均可作表語，但possible可以用不定式作真實主語，而probable不能用不定式作真實主語。

Itisprobableforhimtocometothemeeting.(錯)

Itispossibleforhimtocometothemeeting.

Itispossible/probablethathewillcometothemeeting.

高考英語語法知識點

1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。===動名詞doing 表示習慣的，經常的動作。

e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.

To do such things is foolish.

To see is to believe. (對等)

注: 1). 不定式作主語時,謂語用單數

2). 當主語較長，謂語較短時，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。

it做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之后常用于下列結構中：

(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…

(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…

It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary

(3) it is +a +名詞+ to do...

It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do

It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…

It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…

注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表語，但possible可以用不定式作真實主語， 而probable不能用不定式作真實主語。

It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(錯)

It is possible for him to come to the meeting.

It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.

高考英語必背知識點

英語中過去分詞可作賓補，(此時的過去分詞一般是及物動詞)表被動意義或完成意義，有時兩者兼而有之。做賓補的過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動賓關系，即賓語是過去分詞動作的對象。如：

She found the door broken in when she came back.(賓補與賓語有被動的關系，表一種狀態。)

一. 過去分詞用在表狀態的動詞keep,leave等的后面。

Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time.

Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(諺語：少說多看)

Don't leave such an important thing undone.

Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time.

二.過分詞用在get,have,make, 的后面。

1.注意“have +賓語+過去分詞”的兩種情況：

A)表"讓某人做某事/讓某事(被人)做"

eg: I have had my bike repaired.

The villagers had many trees planted just then.

B)表"遭遇到某種不幸，受到打擊/受....影響，蒙受..... 損失"

Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month.

The old man had his leg broken in the accident.

He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986)

2."make+賓語+過去分詞",在這種結構中，過去分詞的動詞必須是表示結果含義的。如：

They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English.

I raised my voice to make myself heard.

三、過去分詞用在感觀動詞watch,notice,see,hear,listen to ,feel,find等后面。如

When we got to school,we saw the door locked.

We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.

He felt himself cheated.

The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.(NMET2000)

四、過去分詞用在want,wish,like ,expect等表示“希望，愿望”這一類動詞后面做賓補。如

The boss wouldn't like the problem discussed at the moment.

I would like my house painted white.

I want the suit made to his own measure.

I wish the problem settled.

五、過去分詞用在“with +賓語+賓補”這一結構中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關系。如：

The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.

With many brightly-coloured flowers planted around the building ,his house looks like a beautiful garden.

With everything well arranged,he left the office.

六、過去分詞、現在分詞、和不定式作賓補的區別。

現在分詞作賓補：賓語和補語之間是主謂關系。其動作與謂語動作同時進行。

過去分詞作賓補：賓語和補語之間是動賓關系。其動作先于謂語動作。

不定式作賓補：　表一個完成的動作、或表一個很短時間內看到、聽到或感覺到的具體動作。

eg:He didn't notice me waiting.

I heard the song sung in English.

I saw him opening the window.

I saw the window opened.

I saw him open the window.

I heard her sing the song in English.

高考英語復習知識點

助動詞

1)協助主要動詞構成謂語動詞的詞叫助動詞。被協助的動詞稱作主要動詞。助動詞自身沒有詞義，不可單獨使用。例如：

He doesn′t like English.　他不喜歡英語。

(doesn′t是助動詞，無詞義;like是主要動詞，有詞義)

2) 助動詞協助主要動詞完成以下功用，可以用來：

a. 表示時態。例如：

He is singing.　他在唱歌。(北京安通學校提供)

He has got married.　他已結婚。

b. 表示語態。例如：

He was sent to England.　他被派往英國。

c. 構成疑問句。例如：

Do you like college life?　你喜歡大學生活嗎?

Did you study English before you came here?　你來這兒之前學過英語嗎?

d. 與否定副詞not合用，構成否定句。例如：

I don′t like him.　 我不喜歡他。

e. 加強語氣。例如：

Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定來參加晚會。

He did know that.　 他的確知道那件事。

3) 最常用的助動詞有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。

3 助動詞be的用法

1) be +現在分詞，構成進行時態。例如：

They are having a meeting.　他們正在開會。

English is becoming more and more important. 英語現在越來越重要。(北京安通學校提供)

2)　be + 過去分詞，構成被動語態。例如：

The window was broken by Tom..　窗戶是湯姆打碎的。

高考英語知識點匯總

什么是副詞?

指出句中的副詞：

1. You are standing near the camera.. Can you move a little farther? a little修飾副詞“farther”表示程度 farther修飾動詞“move”表示方式

2. Miss Long usually goes to school by bus. usually修飾動詞goes，表示頻度、頻率

3. The two old passengers fell into the sea. Unfortunately, neither of them could swim. Unfortunately修飾整個句子

4. I won’t go with you. It’s much too hot today. much too修飾形容詞，表示程度修飾形容詞hot，修飾形容詞