英語(yǔ)高考必考時(shí)態(tài)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
一、一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
1.概念:立足于過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻,從過(guò)去看將來(lái),常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+was/were +going to + do+其它;主語(yǔ)+would/should + do+其它
4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+was/were+not + going to + do; 主語(yǔ)+would/should + not + do.
5.一般疑問(wèn)句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說(shuō)他第二天要去北京。
I asked who was going there.我問(wèn),誰(shuí)要去那里。
二、 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)
1.概念:表示現(xiàn)階段或說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。
2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen
3.基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+be +doing +其它
4.否定形式:主語(yǔ)+be +not +doing+其它
5.一般疑問(wèn)句:把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。
6.例句:How are you feeling today?你今天感覺(jué)如何?
He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。
高中英語(yǔ)正確學(xué)習(xí)方法
1、堅(jiān)持使用,敢于實(shí)踐。我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的目的,不是為了研究英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的規(guī)律,主要還是為了跟外國(guó)人交際,也就是能用英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫譯。這應(yīng)該說(shuō)是一種技能。而技能的掌握,光靠理論的解釋是不行的,要在實(shí)踐中反復(fù)地、長(zhǎng)期地訓(xùn)練才能成功。因此,有志于學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的同學(xué),應(yīng)該趕快拿起文章閱讀,打開(kāi)錄音機(jī)收聽(tīng),張開(kāi)嘴說(shuō)。多接觸英語(yǔ),對(duì)英語(yǔ)的領(lǐng)悟就會(huì)加深,也就能總結(jié)出適合自己的好方法。對(duì)中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō),練好說(shuō)的能力是不容易的,需要不怕出錯(cuò),不怕別人笑話的勇氣。中文英文,差別甚大,發(fā)音方法很不相同。開(kāi)始練習(xí)說(shuō),肯定錯(cuò)誤百出。這時(shí)候,一定要挺磚沒(méi)有開(kāi)始階段的“胡說(shuō)八道”,就沒(méi)有一口漂亮的口語(yǔ)。
2、起始階段要格外重視語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)。由于讀音習(xí)慣的不同,中國(guó)人要說(shuō)出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的英語(yǔ),很不容易。這就跟外國(guó)人學(xué)中文一樣,讓他們說(shuō)出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的普通話,也很困難。但是,為了交際的需要,我們必須下決心掌握地道的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)。中學(xué)生年齡小,是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)的時(shí)期,這個(gè)時(shí)期語(yǔ)音方面打下好基礎(chǔ),將來(lái)終生受益。而中學(xué)英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得不好,再大一些就不好改正了。目前的中學(xué)生中,很多人用心模仿外國(guó)人的讀音,他們反復(fù)聽(tīng)錄機(jī),一遍又一遍地糾正自己的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)。他們利用一切機(jī)會(huì)大聲講英語(yǔ),不怕犯錯(cuò)誤,不怕別人說(shuō)自己是中國(guó)式的英語(yǔ),并在聽(tīng)說(shuō)的實(shí)踐中逐步接近英美人的口音。他們的作法是值得借鑒的。學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ),應(yīng)堅(jiān)持聽(tīng)說(shuō)的原則,尤其在起始階段。我們看到許多初中生,甚至小學(xué)生,發(fā)音很糟糕,卻在那里用心地鉆研語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,這真是本末倒置。須知語(yǔ)法規(guī)則以后是完全可以學(xué)好的,而良好的發(fā)音和口語(yǔ)能力一過(guò)了這一年齡段就不好彌補(bǔ)了。
3、抓好閱讀。閱讀是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)重要方面,閱讀能力是從文字中獲得信息的重要能力,也是中國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的最便捷的手段。中學(xué)生應(yīng)從精讀和泛讀兩方面努力。所謂精讀,就是仔細(xì)讀,一句話一句話地將結(jié)構(gòu)和意思搞明白。對(duì)不明白的詞或短語(yǔ),要翻查辭典,務(wù)求弄懂。文章讀完后,還要學(xué)習(xí)歸納、綜合和推理判斷。有時(shí)候,將比較難的英文句子譯成中文對(duì)準(zhǔn)確的理解英文很有好處。中學(xué)英語(yǔ)課本中的課文和一些英語(yǔ)名篇都可以作為精讀的材料。泛讀是中學(xué)生容易忽略的一種閱讀方式。所謂泛讀,就是泛泛一讀,只求了解大意,不去考慮句子結(jié)構(gòu)和某些詞匯的用法。泛讀的材料多種多樣,簡(jiǎn)易讀物,中學(xué)生英文報(bào)紙,各類比較淺顯的英語(yǔ)文章,均可以供中學(xué)生泛讀。讀這類材料時(shí),不要一碰到生詞就翻辭典,盡量靠上下文來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義,除非一個(gè)生詞反復(fù)出現(xiàn),不知道意思實(shí)在影響理解全文,否則就不查。泛讀還要講究一定的速度,有時(shí)也不必逐詞細(xì)看。泛讀多了,語(yǔ)感就會(huì)強(qiáng),還能逐步鍛煉出跳讀與掃讀的能力。可以說(shuō),不會(huì)泛讀的人,就不叫會(huì)閱讀。
高考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)
1. win, beat, defeat 表示獲勝、取勝的詞語(yǔ)
(1) win v. 贏……,獲勝,接比賽或獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng) win a game / a prize / an honor / a race. / Our team won the game 8 to 7. / He won by five points. / He won her love at last. / He won the first place in the competition.
(2) beat + 對(duì)手,表打敗(尤指體育比賽) I can easily beat him at golf.
(3) defeat 表戰(zhàn)勝,接對(duì)手The enemy was defeated in the battle.
2. in the end, finally, at last
三者均可表示“(經(jīng)過(guò)周折、等待、耽誤)最后,終于”之意。不同的是:
finally 一般用在句中動(dòng)詞前面,而 at last 與 in the end 的位置則較為靈活;
三者中at last 語(yǔ)氣最為強(qiáng)烈,且可單獨(dú)作為感嘆句使用。After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Dalian. / At last he knew the meaning of life. / At last! Where on earth have you been? / But in the end he gave in.
另外,finally還可用在列舉事項(xiàng)時(shí),引出最后一個(gè)內(nèi)容,相當(dāng)于lastly。 Firstly, we should make a plan; secondly, we should carry it out; finally we should make a conclu- sion.
3. by sea, by the sea, in the sea, on the sea, at sea
(1) by sea “走海路,乘船”,用來(lái)表示交通方式,同 by ship 同義。 These heavy boxes should be sent by sea.
(2) by the sea “在海邊”,相當(dāng)于 by (at) the seaside。The children enjoyed themselves by the sea on Children's Day.
(3) in the sea “在海里,在海水中” There are many plants and animals in the sea.
(4) on the sea “在海面上”,“在海岸邊”。I want to live in a town with a beautiful position on the sea.
(5) at sea 在海上;在航海 When he woke up, the ship was at sea.
4. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of (doing) sth.
(1) be afraid 意為“擔(dān)心,害怕”,多用于口語(yǔ),常用來(lái)表示一種歉意,或遺憾,后可接 so 或 not,也可接 that 從句。I'm afraid (that) 其語(yǔ)意相當(dāng)于 I'm sorry, but...。
-- Are we on time? 我們準(zhǔn)時(shí)嗎? -- I'm afraid not. 恐怕不準(zhǔn)時(shí)。I'm afraid you'll get caught in the rain.
(2) be afraid to do sth 常表示“由于膽小而不敢做某事”。She is afraid to be here alone. / He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge.
(3) be afraid of (doing) sth. 常表示“擔(dān)心或害怕某事(發(fā)生)”。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.
5. live, living, alive, lively
(1) live adj.
① 活的;活生生的;(只修飾生物;只作前置定語(yǔ)) The laboratory is doing experiments with several live monkeys.
② 實(shí)況直播的 (不是錄音)It wasn't a recorded show. It was live.
③ 帶電的;燃著的;可爆炸的 This is a live wire.
(2) living adj. 活著的,有生命的(作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)) She was, he thought, the best living novelist in England. / The old man is still living. (或alive)
(3) alive adj. ① 活著的;② 有活力的;有生氣
作后置定語(yǔ):Who's the greatest man alive?
作表語(yǔ):Was the snake alive or dead? / My grandmother is more alive than a lot of young people.
作補(bǔ)語(yǔ):Let's keep the fish alive.
(4) lively adj. 活潑的;有生氣的;活躍的(作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)) The music is bright and lively.
高考英語(yǔ)常考知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1. 主語(yǔ)從句能用it作形式上的主語(yǔ)。常以it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型有:
A. It+be+形容詞(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that從句。如:
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)她考試成績(jī)會(huì)很好。
It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告訴她了。
B. It+be+名詞詞組(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that從句。如:
It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遺憾我們不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我們沒(méi)贏這場(chǎng)比賽真意外。
C. It+be+過(guò)去分詞(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that從句。如:
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 據(jù)說(shuō)格林先生已經(jīng)到了北京。
It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit.
據(jù)報(bào)道中國(guó)又成功地發(fā)射了一顆人造地球衛(wèi)星。
D. It+seem, happen等不及物動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)+that從句。如:
It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. Alice似乎不來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。
It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
E. It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+連接代詞或連接副詞引起的主語(yǔ)從句。如:
It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否來(lái)這無(wú)關(guān)緊要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我們?cè)谀睦镩_(kāi)會(huì)毫無(wú)區(qū)別。
F. 當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在疑問(wèn)句中時(shí),要以it作形式主語(yǔ),而把主語(yǔ)從句后置。如:
Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科學(xué)家將給我們作報(bào)告是真的嗎?
Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他們明天不來(lái)很要緊嗎?
G. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在感嘆句中時(shí),要以it作形式主語(yǔ),而把主語(yǔ)從句后置。如:
How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子們這么安靜真奇怪!
2.注意連接代詞whoever, whatever, whichever等引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的含義
Whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) 來(lái)的人將受到歡迎。
Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正確的。
Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你們當(dāng)中不論哪個(gè)進(jìn)來(lái)將會(huì)得到獎(jiǎng)
高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)
1.sunburn v.日曬,曬黑→sunburntadj.曬黑的
2.struggle v./n.掙扎,奮斗,努力 struggle against struggle for struggle with
3.decade n.十年,十年期
4.super n.冗員, 額外人員;[口]特級(jí)品, 特大號(hào)商品; 超級(jí)市場(chǎng)adj特級(jí)的, 極好的, 非凡的
5. hunger n.饑餓,渴望/v.使饑餓→hungryadj.饑餓的;渴望的
6.output n. 產(chǎn)量,輸出,input輸入,消費(fèi)
7.disturbing adj 引起煩惱的,令人不安的,disturb v. 打擾,麻煩
8.expand vt.擴(kuò)大, 擴(kuò)展,張開(kāi), 使發(fā), 詳談; 引伸
9. circulate v.循環(huán),流通→circulationn.循環(huán),流傳
10. battle n.戰(zhàn)役,戰(zhàn)斗v.搏斗,奮斗
11. therefore adv.因此,所以
12. rid vt 擺脫,除去
13.freedom n 自由,自主→free adj 自由的,免費(fèi)的
14.equip v.配備,裝備→equipmentn.設(shè)備
15. export v.輸出,出口n.輸出(品)→import v.輸入,進(jìn)口n.進(jìn)口(品)
16.nationality n 國(guó)籍,national adj 國(guó)家的,民族的nation n. 國(guó)家
17.occupation n 工作,職業(yè),占領(lǐng)occupy v.占用,使從事,把注意力集中于...占領(lǐng), 占據(jù)
18.confuse v.使迷惑,使為難→confusedadj.感到迷惑的confusing adj.令人迷惑的
19.regret v./n.后悔,遺憾→regretfuladj.后悔的,遺憾的
20.production n.生產(chǎn),制造,productive可生產(chǎn)的,可制造的,produce –v 生產(chǎn),制造
21.discovery n. 發(fā)現(xiàn),發(fā)覺(jué),discover-v發(fā)現(xiàn),
22.focus v. 集中,聚焦,n 焦點(diǎn),中心點(diǎn)
23. reduce v.減少,縮減→reduction n.減少,縮減
24.comment n./v.評(píng)論,議論