Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

　　There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.

　　“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae (or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.

　　There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.

　　Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.

　　There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.

　　57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns .

　　A) informs job hunters of the opportunities available

　　B) promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employment

　　C) divides available jobs into various types

　　D) informs employers of the people available for work

　　58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because .

　　A) there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people

　　B) there are so many top?level jobs available

　　C) there are so many people out of work

　　D) the job history is considered to be a work of art

　　59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would .

　　A) write an initial letter giving their life history

　　B) pass some exams before applying for a job

　　C) have no qualifications other than being able to read and write

　　D) keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview

　　60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter .

　　A) something that would distinguish one from other applicants

　　B) hinted information about the personality of the applicant

　　C) one’s advantages over others in applying for the job

　　D) an occasional trick with the aggressive approach

　　61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because .

　　A) there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised

　　B) there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees

　　C) jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays

　　D) the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.

　　In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.

　　Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.

　　Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.

　　Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.

　　62. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may .

　　A) cause a shortage of apartments

　　B) worry those who rent apartments as homes

　　C) increase the profits of landlords

　　D) encourage landlords to invest in building apartment

　　63. According to the critics, rent control .

　　A) will always benefit those who rent apartments

　　B) is unnecessary

　　C) will bring negative effects in the long run

　　D) is necessary under all circumstances

　　64. The problem of unemployment will arise .

　　A) if the minimum wage is set too highB) if the minimum wage is set too low

　　C) if the workers are unskilledD) if the maximum wage is set

　　65. The passage tells us .

　　A) the relationship between supply and demand

　　B) the possible results of government controls

　　C) the necessity of government control

　　D) the urgency of getting rid of government controls

　　66. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　A) The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.

　　B) Minimum wage can not always protect employees.

　　C) Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.

　　D) Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.

　　答案詳解：

　　57. B細節理解題。該題有一定難度。根據題干，解答該題應定位在第一段。第一段第二行說“它有時放在‘situations vacant?(招聘)欄目…，”其中招聘加了引號，再加上隨后的讓步從句明確否定了給人提供工作，所以A項應排除。第三行說“它有時放在‘situations wanted’(求職)欄目…，”隨后的讓步從句也明確否定了D項。而選擇正確答案應根據最后一句話“What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.”B項正確。C項“把現有的工作分成各種類型”文章沒有提及，也應排除。

　　58. C細節理解題。解答該題只需正確理解第二段第二行“The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.”(這種特別服務的出現和成功反映了當今的高失業率。)這正是C項的內容。該題屬倒著考題型。

　　59. D細節理解題。最關鍵的提示句應該是第三段第三句“The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview.”言外之意，在信中不必寫得太詳細，應該在得到面試機會時再透露更多細節。D項為正確選項。

　　60. A細節理解題。文章第四段第一行中的“as you moved up the ladder”對應了題干中的“as one went on to apply for more important jobs”。因此，隨后的內容即為答案:“Something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.”A項正確。B項說“有關申請人個性的隱含信息”，C項說“申請人申請工作時相對于其他人的優勢”，這兩項均不正確，D)項表示“用主動積極的方法偶爾玩點花招”只是引人關注的其中一種方法，不如A具有概括性。

　　61. B單句理解題。本題問個人履歷為什么重要。學生只要正確理解最后一段，就可做出正確選擇，最后一句實際上是一強調句型:“…it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.”明確講明是越來越多的具有大學教育背景的求職者使得個人履歷更顯重要。“it is”后的內容也即是B項的內容，所以B項正確。A、C、D項文中都沒有涉及，均應排除。

　　62. A細節理解題。本題問規定最高租金可能會導致什么結果。文章第一段明確指出，landlords(房東)收取租戶的租金有了最高限額，他們的利潤會受到影響，也可能導致他們投資其他行業，鑒于此，C、D兩項都是錯誤的。B項“使租房為家的人擔憂”文中沒有涉及，也不對。依據第一段最后一句話“…, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.”可知A項為惟一選項。

　　63. C細節理解題。依據第一段第四句“However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects.”可斷定C項正確。A、B、D諸項都含絕對意味，都不符合文中意思。

　　64. A細節理解題。解答該題只要準確理解第二段的含義，尤其從第三行開始“However, if the minimum is high,…Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.”此題較簡單。

　　65. B主旨題。本文從rent control和最低工資控制兩方面討論了政府控制可能造成的后果。進一步說，許多政府行為可能保護某些利益，但從長遠看，也會帶來許多問題。B項正確。A項說(文章敘述了)供需關系;C項說(文章敘述了)政府控制的必要性;D項說(文章敘述了)擺脫政府控制的緊迫性。文章并沒有深入談及這三項內容，顯然不能成為文章主旨。

　　66. D細節判斷題。依據第四段第二行“The predictions may be correct only if ‘other things are equal’.”可得知A項是對的。從第二段可得知規定最低工資會使得雇主雇用更少的工人，會考慮用機器替代工人，也就會導致更多的人失業，所以B項應該是可以成立的說法。C項的內容實際上就是A項的另一種說法，也可成立。依據第四段內容，可得知D項不正確。經濟理論應該有相當的參考價值，只是還需考慮方方面面的因素。