研究人員日前稱，具有攻擊性的人很容易被認(rèn)出，因為他們長著“一眼即可看出”的寬臉盤。

　　Just a quick glance al someone's facial structure may be enough to predict their tendency towards aggression, according to a study published in the Psychological Science journal.

　　一項發(fā)表于《心理科學(xué)》期刊的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，(當(dāng)某人站在你面前時)，只需迅速看一跟他的面部結(jié)構(gòu)，可能就足以判斷他的攻擊性。

　　Facial width-to-height ratio (WHR) is determined by measuring the distance between the right and left cheeks and the distance from the upper lip to the mid-brow.

　　臉部的寬高比 (WHR)是通過測量左右臉頰之間的距離和上嘴唇到眉中的距離得出的。

　　Psychologists from Brock University to the USA decided to follow up previous research that suggested males with a large facial WHR act more aggressively than those with narrower features.

　　此前有研究表明，臉部寬高比值較大的男性比臉窄的男性更具侵略性。美國布魯克大學(xué)的心理學(xué)家決定對此開展進(jìn)一步研究。

　　In the study, volunteers viewed photos of faces of men who had previously had their aggressive behaviour analysed.

　　研究人員讓志愿者們?yōu)g覽了不同男性的臉部照片。之前研究人員己對這些男性的攻擊性行為進(jìn)行了分析。

　　The participants then rated how aggressive they thought each person was on a scale of one to seven, after viewing each face for either 2000 milliseconds or 39 milliseconds.

　　之后，志愿者們根據(jù)自己的感覺，對每個男性的進(jìn)攻性按一分至七分進(jìn)行評級。他們?yōu)g覽每張照片的時間長則兩秒，短則0.039秒。

　　The results revealed the participants' estimates of aggression correlated highly with the actual aggressive behaviour of the men-even if they only saw the picture for a split second.

　　研究結(jié)果表明，志愿者們對這些男性進(jìn)攻性的估計與實際情況的相符度很高一一即使他們只看了一眼照片。

　　And the volunteers' estimates also matched with the WHR of the faces the wider the face, the higher the aggressive rating.

　　而志愿者對男性進(jìn)攻性的估計與臉部的寬高比也相符。臉部越寬，進(jìn)攻性評級越高。

　　The psychologists concluded that subtle differences in face shape may affect personality judgements, which in turn, guide how people respond to others.

　　心理學(xué)家總結(jié)稱，臉型的細(xì)微差別可能會影響個性判斷，從而引導(dǎo)人們?nèi)绾螒?yīng)付他人。

　　During childhood, boys and girls have similar facial structures, but during puberty, males develop wider features than females.

　　在兒童時期，男孩和女孩的臉部結(jié)構(gòu)相似。但到了青春期，男性的臉部開始變得更寬。

　　Previous research has suggested that males with wider faces act more aggressively-with studies showing that hockey players with broad features earn more penalty minutes per game than other players.

　　此前研究表明，面部較寬的男性進(jìn)攻性更強。有調(diào)查稱，在曲棍球比賽中，臉部較寬的選手每場比賽被罰下的時間長于其他選手。

　　英語四級閱讀美文：基因差異大，容易成夫妻

　　When it comes to choosing a mate, opposites really do attract, according to a 8razilian study that found people are subconsciously more likely to choose a partner whose genetic make-up is different to their own.

　　人們在選擇伴侶時，更容易被與自己基因差異大的人吸引。巴西一項最新研究表明，人們總是下意伊地選擇基因構(gòu)成和自己相異的人做伴侶。

　　They found evidence that married couples are more likely to have genetic differences in a DNA region governing the immune system than were randomly matched pairs.

　　研究結(jié)果表明，與隨機配對的搭檔相比，夫妻二人控制免疫系統(tǒng)的DNA區(qū)域中基因差異更大。

　　This was likely to be an evolutionary strategy to ensure healthy reproduction because genetic variability is an advantage for offspring, Maria da Graca Bicalho and her col1eagues at the University of Parana in Brazil reported.

　　巴西巴拉那大學(xué)的瑪麗亞達(dá)·格拉薩·比卡盧和同事在研究報告中指出，這可能是人類確保生育健康的進(jìn)化策略，因為基因的差異性對后代有利。

　　"Although it may be tempting to think humans choose their partners because of their similarities, our research has shown clear1y that it is differences that make for successful reproduction, and that the University drive have healthy children is important when choosing a mate." Bicalho said in a statement.

　　比卡盧在聲明中稱：“雖然大家更愿意相信人們會選擇相似的人做伴侶，但我們的研究明確顯示，存在差異的伴侶更能成功生育后代，而直選擇伴侶時，這種潛在的生育健康后代的意識很重要。”

　　Scientists said it was not c1ear what signals attract the body to people who are genetical1y dissimilar to themselves, but suggested body odor or even face structure could play a role.

　　科學(xué)家稱不清楚是何種身體信息使人們吸引到基因相異的人，但表示體味甚至臉型都可能有關(guān)。

　　Bicalho said the team compared genetic data from 90 married couples with data from 152 random1y generated control couples.

　　比卡盧稱，研究小組將90對夫妻的基因與152對隨機配對的“夫妻”的基因進(jìn)行了對比。

　　They found the real couples had significantly more dissimilarities in MHC.

　　研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，真夫妻的主要組織相容性復(fù)合體差異更顯著。

　　"Parents with dissimilar (genetic regions) could provide their offspring with a better chance to ward infections off because their immune system genes are more diverse," they wrote in a summary.

　　研究人員在一份總結(jié)中寫道：“基因相異的夫妻所生育的后代更不容易生病，因為他們的免疫系統(tǒng)更加多樣化。”

　　Previous studies have suggested animals may use body odor as a guide to identify possible mates as being genetically similar or dissimilar, she added, but other physical factors may also be involved.

　　比卡盧補充稱，此前研究己證實，動物用體味來識別潛在伴侶的基因與自己的異同，但其他身體特征可能也起作用。

　　"Other cues such as face symmetry might play a role as well, but they are still in the field of speculation," she said.

　　她說：“其他因素，比如臉型是否對稱都可能與之相關(guān)，但還沒有得到證實。”