大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)與答案
[B]popular
[C]get
[D]change
[E]similarly
[F]professional
[G]character
[H]individuality
[I]inspire
[J]differently
[K]expect
[L]practical
[M]recall
[N]lose
[O]ordinary
ANSWERS:
1.選B)。從文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他們又無(wú)比熱愛和崇尚制服”,說(shuō)明了制服在美國(guó)很受歡迎。因此選項(xiàng)B)popular符合原文意思。選項(xiàng)中的professional “職業(yè)的”、practical“實(shí)用的”和ordinary“普通的,平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。
2.選F)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞。從more...than civilian clothes可知,此處要填的形容詞意思與civilian相對(duì),說(shuō)明制服的特點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)中的形容詞中只有professional“職業(yè)的”和 civilian相對(duì)的,故F)正確。而pratical“實(shí)用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian對(duì)應(yīng),故排除。
3.選K)。由be conditioned to do sth.“習(xí)慣于”可知,此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。從前面的look more“看起來(lái)更...”和后面的tend to“傾向于”可知,這段要說(shuō)明的是人們的主觀印象,應(yīng)填入表示“期望(得到)”的單詞,只有K)expect符合原文語(yǔ)氣。選項(xiàng)中g(shù)et“得到”與上下文的語(yǔ)氣不符合。
4.選I)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形。從原文中“人們習(xí)慣...從穿制服的人那兒得到優(yōu)質(zhì)服務(wù)。”可知,人們更信任穿制服的人,即制服能使人產(chǎn)生信任感。選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞原形中只有inspire“使產(chǎn)生”符合文章。
5.選A)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。前面兩句表達(dá)了人們對(duì)穿制服的人更加信任的意思,那么對(duì)于garage mechanic“汽車修理工”來(lái)說(shuō),人們信任的是它的技術(shù),而不是人品,故選項(xiàng)中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
6.選N)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞。...step out of uniform“脫掉制服”是對(duì)護(hù)士、警察等來(lái)說(shuō)是......職業(yè)身份的很簡(jiǎn)單的方式。脫下制服就是失去了職業(yè)身份,由此可以推知此處應(yīng)填N)lose。
7.選L)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞,說(shuō)明制服的其他有點(diǎn)。從下文“...節(jié)省購(gòu)買其他衣服的開銷,節(jié)省洗衣費(fèi)用,比便服更舒適也更耐穿”可知,制服除了增加信任感還有實(shí)際的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)中的pratical“實(shí)用的”和ordinary“平常的”,很明顯L)pratical符合原文意思。
8.選H)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。文章手段就說(shuō)“美國(guó)人為自己的多元化和個(gè)性化感到高傲無(wú)比,然而他們又無(wú)比熱愛和崇尚制服”,其中包含制服使他們失去自己的個(gè)性的意思,那么聯(lián)系第一段,此處指出的制服的缺點(diǎn)即為失去個(gè)性,故選項(xiàng)H)individuality正確。individuality強(qiáng)調(diào)與他人特點(diǎn)的區(qū)別,而character指的是個(gè)人特定的內(nèi)在本質(zhì)。
9.選D)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。前面說(shuō)制服讓人失去了個(gè)性,雖然有很多種制服,但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服,所有是沒(méi)有變化的,故此處應(yīng)填change,故D)正確。
10.選E)。此處應(yīng)填副詞,修飾動(dòng)詞act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...,說(shuō)明此處填的詞和alike意思相近。選項(xiàng)種副詞有similarly和differently,很明顯,E)similarly與 alike意思相近,故選E)。
Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always __1__ such people, but I also explain that there’sa big difference between "being a writer" and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of __2__ and fame, notthe long hours alone at a typewriter. "You’ve got to want to write," I say to them, "not want to be a writer."The reality is that writing is a __3__, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there arethousands more whose longing is never __4__. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelancewriter(自由撰稿人), I had no __5__ at all. What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn’t even matter that it was __6__and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a __7__ writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadn’t gotten a break and began to __8__ myself. It was so hard to sell a storythat __9__ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasn’t going to be one ofthose people who die wondering, what if? I would keeo putting my dream to the test----even though it meant living with __10__and fear of failure. This is the Shadow land of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there.A) barely B) genuine C) rewarded D) doubtE) lonely F) poverty G) persuade H) prospectsI) uncertainty J)impossibly K) encourage L)awardedM) alone N)wealth O)cold
Answers:
1.選K)。 此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的原形??蛇x項(xiàng)有doubt, persuade, encourage, 但由always推知,作者是在鼓勵(lì)那些想要成為作家的人,而不是懷疑也不是說(shuō)服,故排除doubt和persuade而選encourage。
2.選N)。由空格后的fame可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞??蛇x項(xiàng)有prospects和wealth,但由dreaming of 與第二段中The reality is... poor-paying可推知,那些想當(dāng)作家的人夢(mèng)想的是金錢和名譽(yù),而不是前途,故排除prospects而選wealth。
3.選E)。此處應(yīng)填形容詞,private, poor-paying一起修飾affair。選項(xiàng)中有l(wèi)onely和alone,能修飾affair的只有l(wèi)onely,alone表示“孤獨(dú)的”時(shí),通常作表語(yǔ),故排除alone而選lonely。
4.選C)。此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式。可選項(xiàng)有rewarded和awarded,前者可表示“(為所希望的舉動(dòng)得到的)回報(bào)”,后者作動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“頒發(fā),授予”,故只有rewarded符合題意而排除awarded。
5.選H)。此處應(yīng)填名詞。“當(dāng)我辭別了我在美國(guó)海岸警衛(wèi)隊(duì)20年工作成為一個(gè)自由撰稿人時(shí),沒(méi)有任何......可言”,可選項(xiàng)有prospects和wealth,但wealth一般指抽象意義上的“金錢”,因此排除wealth而選prospects“前途”。
6.選O)。it指代的是apartment building,從had no bathroom可知這個(gè)公寓條件很差,選項(xiàng)中只有cold能說(shuō)明公寓的條件差,故選擇O)cold。
7.選B)。“我馬上買了一臺(tái)舊的手動(dòng)打字機(jī),感覺自己就好像是一個(gè)......的作家”,由前面提到的to become a freelance writer可推知,此處作者是想成為一個(gè)真正的作家,故選項(xiàng)中只有g(shù)enuine“真正的”符合題意。
8.選D)。由空格前的to可知,此處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的原形??蛇x項(xiàng)有doubt,persuade,encourage,但由still hadn’t gotten a break"在寫作上還沒(méi)有任何進(jìn)展”,所以此處應(yīng)理解為他開始懷疑自己的選擇是否正確,故doubt符合文意。
9.選A)。that從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,后面有made,故此處應(yīng)填副詞。可選項(xiàng)有barely和impossibly,因that引導(dǎo)的從句是對(duì) story的解釋,再由hard一詞可推知,此處應(yīng)填的副詞應(yīng)表達(dá)肯定的意思,故排除impossibly而選barely“僅僅,剛剛”。
10.選I)。由空格后的and可知,此處應(yīng)填名詞。由fear of failure可知,所填詞應(yīng)表示不好的境遇,可選項(xiàng)有poverty和uncertainty;又由fear可推知,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是生活的變化無(wú)常,而不是生活的貧困,故選uncertainty。