英語四級閱讀練習附詳解
But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.
The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束縛). It’s what we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.
A. answer I. creative
B. result J. belief
C. share K. suspicious
D. guilty L. certainty
E. constant M. obsessed
F. defined N. identify
G. vanish O. ideals
H. adapted
【答案及詳解】
1. D feel是一個系動詞,可以判斷此處應填入一個形容詞,通過上下文意思,以及后面介詞about, 可以確定選項為D項guilty, 短語feel guilty about sth. “對……感到有愧”。全句的意思為“我們很愛吃,但是往往在吃完之后又有負罪感”。
2.M be obsessed with 為固定搭配,原意為“被……附上/纏住/迷住心竅”,放在本句表示“十分重視”。全句的意思為“我們很關心健康和減肥,但肥胖卻又空前地在蔓延”。
3. A 本句缺一個名詞作主語,并且根據和介詞to的搭配,可以推斷出正確選項answer.
4. I本句根據more和ways可以判斷出需要填入一個形容詞構成比較級,根據上下文,表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令,卻激發了更多新奇的方法來酗酒”,可以確定I為正確選項。
5. F 本題較難。根據be 和by 確定應填入一個過去分詞。再根據上下文,上文表示“應該吃典型的美國人吃的食物”,下文通過 but 轉折,表示實際上“美國的食物已經被諸如比薩和熱狗這樣的舶來品所詮釋了”,因此可以確定F為正確選項。
6.B政治結果,可根據宗教原因religious reasons來推斷此處填政治結果。
7. L由于橫線后面沒有賓語,可以確定不是形成bring的短語,這樣本句所缺的為一名詞,做bring的賓語。根據下文解釋,“美國人對他們所吃的食物的態度是矛盾的”,可以推出本句意義為“堅定的觀點也不是確定不變的”。因此可以確定L為正確選項。
8. K系動詞become后應填入一個形容詞,和后面介詞of形成短語be/become suspicious of “對……感到懷疑”。
9. J本句缺一個名詞作主語,并且根據和介詞in的搭配,可以推斷出正確選項belief,(have)belief in sth.“ 相信……”。
10. C本句是一般現在時,缺一個動詞,且和with 搭配,確定選項為share, share sth. with sb., “與某人分享某事”。
Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
[A]skill
[B]popular
[C]get
[D]change
[E]similarly
[F]professional
[G]character
[H]individuality
[I]inspire
[J]differently
[K]expect
[L]practical
[M]recall
[N]lose
[O]ordinary
ANSWERS:
1.選B)。從文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform“他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服”,說明了制服在美國很受歡迎。因此選項B)popular符合原文意思。選項中的professional “職業的”、practical“實用的”和ordinary“普通的,平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。
2.選F)。此處應填形容詞。從more...than civilian clothes可知,此處要填的形容詞意思與civilian相對,說明制服的特點。選項中的形容詞中只有professional“職業的”和 civilian相對的,故F)正確。而pratical“實用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian對應,故排除。
3.選K)。由be conditioned to do sth.“習慣于”可知,此處應填動詞原形。從前面的look more“看起來更...”和后面的tend to“傾向于”可知,這段要說明的是人們的主觀印象,應填入表示“期望(得到)”的單詞,只有K)expect符合原文語氣。選項中get“得到”與上下文的語氣不符合。
4.選I)。此處應填動詞原形。從原文中“人們習慣...從穿制服的人那兒得到優質服務。”可知,人們更信任穿制服的人,即制服能使人產生信任感。選項中的動詞原形中只有inspire“使產生”符合文章。
5.選A)。此處應填名詞。前面兩句表達了人們對穿制服的人更加信任的意思,那么對于garage mechanic“汽車修理工”來說,人們信任的是它的技術,而不是人品,故選項中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
6.選N)。此處應填動詞。...step out of uniform“脫掉制服”是對護士、警察等來說是......職業身份的很簡單的方式。脫下制服就是失去了職業身份,由此可以推知此處應填N)lose。
7.選L)。此處應填形容詞,說明制服的其他有點。從下文“...節省購買其他衣服的開銷,節省洗衣費用,比便服更舒適也更耐穿”可知,制服除了增加信任感還有實際的優點。選項中的pratical“實用的”和ordinary“平常的”,很明顯L)pratical符合原文意思。
8.選H)。此處應填名詞。文章手段就說“美國人為自己的多元化和個性化感到高傲無比,然而他們又無比熱愛和崇尚制服”,其中包含制服使他們失去自己的個性的意思,那么聯系第一段,此處指出的制服的缺點即為失去個性,故選項H)individuality正確。individuality強調與他人特點的區別,而character指的是個人特定的內在本質。
9.選D)。此處應填名詞。前面說制服讓人失去了個性,雖然有很多種制服,但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服,所有是沒有變化的,故此處應填change,故D)正確。
10.選E)。此處應填副詞,修飾動詞act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...,說明此處填的詞和alike意思相近。選項種副詞有similarly和differently,很明顯,E)similarly與 alike意思相近,故選E)。