中考英語完形填空的解題技巧
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中考英語備考
前面我們已經(jīng)分析過，完形填空是在全面理解短文基礎(chǔ)上的選擇填空。因此做“完型填空”題應(yīng)遵循下列步驟：
1、通讀全文，了解大意
做這類題目是，首先應(yīng)該把文章通讀一遍，了解一下文章的大概內(nèi)容。千萬不要讀一句填一句，因?yàn)?ldquo;完形填空”題里所給的大多數(shù)選項(xiàng)填入單句后都可成立，但從全文看又不可取。例如：
A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food.
You may hear “hot dog” 1 in other ways. People sometimes say “hot dog” to express 2 . For example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You might say “Great! I would love to go.” Or, you could say, “4 ! I would love to go.”
People 5 use the expression to describe (描寫)someone who is a “show- off”, who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is. You often hear such 7 called a “hot dog”. He may be a baseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a (n) 9 catch seem more difficult. You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows (鞠躬) to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 .
1. A. eaten B. used C. cooked D. picked
2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply
3. A. if B. how C. when D. where
4. A. Hot dog B. Don’t worry C. Never mind D. Excuse me
5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet
6. A. hopeful B. careful C. kind D. great
7. A. a dog B. a land C. a person D. an action
8. A. catches B. plays C. passes D. throws
9. A. hard B. funny C. exciting D. easy
10. A. thanks B. cheers C. medals D. matches
如果不看后面的文章內(nèi)容，短文的第一個(gè)題所給第四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以填入空白處，不論是從語法的角度，還是從這個(gè)句子的意思完整的角度，都是能夠站得住腳的。但如果繼續(xù)看完這一段短文之后，你就會(huì)領(lǐng)悟到，“hot dog”在這里不是“被吃”，“被做”，“被拿”，而是“被使用”，只能選used。
有些同學(xué)一拿到“完形填空”題，就著手去填，填到最后，才發(fā)現(xiàn)所選答案語全文的意思不符，不得不在從頭開始。費(fèi)時(shí)又費(fèi)力，還不易做準(zhǔn)確，這種方法是不可取的。
2、瞻前顧后，逐步填空
了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。 一般來說，文章后面所給的選擇答案可分三類：一類是語法正確，而意思不對；另一類是意思正確，而語法錯(cuò)誤；第三類是語法正確，意思也正確。在選擇答案時(shí)，一定要考慮到上下文的意思，還要考慮到句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，習(xí)慣用法，固定搭配和詞類的功能，盡量使選出的答案及復(fù)合語法又符合原文的意思。
3、認(rèn)真復(fù)查，適當(dāng)調(diào)整
填空全部做完以后，應(yīng)把短文從頭到尾再讀一遍，檢查一下填空以后的文章是否連貫，情節(jié)是否合理，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確。一般來說，如果意思連貫，情節(jié)合理，語法結(jié)構(gòu)正確，就意味著選答沒有問題；如果發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)別填空使文章文理不通，語法結(jié)構(gòu)有問題，就說明選答不正確。對這樣的填空應(yīng)該認(rèn)真推敲，進(jìn)行調(diào)整。
1、通讀全文，了解大意
做這類題目是，首先應(yīng)該把文章通讀一遍，了解一下文章的大概內(nèi)容。千萬不要讀一句填一句，因?yàn)?ldquo;完形填空”題里所給的大多數(shù)選項(xiàng)填入單句后都可成立，但從全文看又不可取。例如：
A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food.
You may hear “hot dog” 1 in other ways. People sometimes say “hot dog” to express 2 . For example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You might say “Great! I would love to go.” Or, you could say, “4 ! I would love to go.”
People 5 use the expression to describe (描寫)someone who is a “show- off”, who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is. You often hear such 7 called a “hot dog”. He may be a baseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a (n) 9 catch seem more difficult. You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows (鞠躬) to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 .
1. A. eaten B. used C. cooked D. picked
2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply
3. A. if B. how C. when D. where
4. A. Hot dog B. Don’t worry C. Never mind D. Excuse me
5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet
6. A. hopeful B. careful C. kind D. great
7. A. a dog B. a land C. a person D. an action
8. A. catches B. plays C. passes D. throws
9. A. hard B. funny C. exciting D. easy
10. A. thanks B. cheers C. medals D. matches
如果不看后面的文章內(nèi)容，短文的第一個(gè)題所給第四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都可以填入空白處，不論是從語法的角度，還是從這個(gè)句子的意思完整的角度，都是能夠站得住腳的。但如果繼續(xù)看完這一段短文之后，你就會(huì)領(lǐng)悟到，“hot dog”在這里不是“被吃”，“被做”，“被拿”，而是“被使用”，只能選used。
有些同學(xué)一拿到“完形填空”題，就著手去填，填到最后，才發(fā)現(xiàn)所選答案語全文的意思不符，不得不在從頭開始。費(fèi)時(shí)又費(fèi)力，還不易做準(zhǔn)確，這種方法是不可取的。
2、瞻前顧后，逐步填空
了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。 一般來說，文章后面所給的選擇答案可分三類：一類是語法正確，而意思不對；另一類是意思正確，而語法錯(cuò)誤；第三類是語法正確，意思也正確。在選擇答案時(shí)，一定要考慮到上下文的意思，還要考慮到句子的結(jié)構(gòu)，習(xí)慣用法，固定搭配和詞類的功能，盡量使選出的答案及復(fù)合語法又符合原文的意思。
3、認(rèn)真復(fù)查，適當(dāng)調(diào)整
填空全部做完以后，應(yīng)把短文從頭到尾再讀一遍，檢查一下填空以后的文章是否連貫，情節(jié)是否合理，語法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確。一般來說，如果意思連貫，情節(jié)合理，語法結(jié)構(gòu)正確，就意味著選答沒有問題；如果發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)別填空使文章文理不通，語法結(jié)構(gòu)有問題，就說明選答不正確。對這樣的填空應(yīng)該認(rèn)真推敲，進(jìn)行調(diào)整。