大學六級考試英語閱讀習題(一)

　　Once we admit that the study of language behavior involves describing and explaining the unobservable, the situation becomes much more complicated, because we have to postulate some set of processes, some internal mechanism, which operates when we speak and understand. We have to postulate something we can call a mind. The study of language from this point of view can then be seen as a study of the specific properties, processes and states of the mind whose outward manifestations are observable behavior; what we have to know in order to perform linguistically.?This approach to language, as a phenomenon of the individual, is thus principally concerned with explaining how we acquire language, and its relation to general human cognitive systems, and with the psychological mechanisms underlying the comprehension and production of speech; much less with the problem of what language is for, that is, its function as communication, since this necessarily involves more than a single individual. ?

　　36.What is the best title for this passage??

　　A) Language as Means of Communication.?B) Language and Psychology.?

　　C) Language and the Individual.?D) Language as a Social Phenomenon. ?

　　37.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true??

　　A) Language is often regarded as part of human psychology.?

　　B) People develop language skills of different degrees as a result of different personal experiences.?

　　C) Language is a special kind of psychological behavior that is born with an individual.?

　　D) People learn to speak and write through imitation and training. ?

　　38.What does the term “behavior” in the second paragraph especially refer to in this passage??

　　A) It refers to observable and physical movements and acts.?

　　B) It refers to the part of language behavior that involves understanding or interpretation.?

　　C) It refers to both the overt and the unobservable language behaviors in communicating.?

　　D) It refers to acts of speaking and writing. ?

　　39.What does “internal mechanism”(Line 3, Para. 3) mean??

　　A) Secret machine. B) Mental processes.?C) Overt system. D) Mechanic operation. ?

　　40.What can you infer from the passage??

　　A) Its individualistic approach to language is meant to study the psychological processes of language acquisition.?

　　B) The individualistic approach to language is mainly concerned with how language functions in society.?

　　C) The study of language is sure to involve more than a single individual.

　　D) Psychological approach to language is concerned with the comprehension and production of speech.

　　大學六級考試英語閱讀習題答案

　　CCCBA

　　大學六級考試英語閱讀習題(二)

　　A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage. Rage is presumably an emotion resulting from survival instinct, but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy it against other animals. If we encounter a dangerous wild animal - a poisonous snake or a wild cat - we do not fly into a temper. If we are unarmed, we show fear and attempt to back away; if we are suitably armed, we attack, but in a rational manner not in a rage. We reserve rage for our own species. It is hard to see any survival value in attacking one’s own, but if we take account of the long competition, which must have existed between our own subspecies and others like Neanderthal man - indeed others still more remote from us than Neanderthal man - human rage becomes more comprehensible. ?

　　In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always using the words “us and them”. “Our” side is perpetually trying to do down the “other” side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack. The opposition of “us” and “them” is the touchstone of the two-party system of “democratic” politics. Although there are no very serious consequences to many of these modern psychological representations of the “us and them” emotion, it is as well to remember that the original aim was not to beat the other subspecies in a game but to exterminate it. ?

　　The readiness with which humans allow themselves to be regimented has permitted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the “us and them” blind rage, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted.

　　31.A suitable title for this passage would be____. ?

　　A) Why Human Armies Are Formed?B) Man’s Anger Against Rage?

　　C) The Human Capacity for Rage?D) Early Struggles of Angry Man ?

　　32.According to the author, the surprising aspect of human anger is____. ?

　　A) its lengthy and complex development?B) a conflict such as is now going on in Northern Ireland?

　　C) that we do not fly into a temper more often?D) that we reserve anger for mankind ?

　　33.The passage suggests that____. ?

　　A) historically, we have created an “us” versus “them” society

　　B) humans have had a natural disinclination toward formal grouping

　　C) the First World War is an example of how man has always avoided domination?

　　D) the emotional origin of the war in Ireland is lost in time ?

　　34.From the passage we can infer that ____. ?

　　A) the artificial creation of a subspecies unlike us is something that never happens?

　　B) games are psychologically unhealthy?C) any artificially created subspecies would be our enemy?

　　D) the real or imagined existence of an opposing subspecies is inherent in man’s activities ?

　　35.The author believes that a religious explanation for the war in Northern Ireland is____. ?

　　A) founded in historical fact B) deceptive?C) apparent D) probably accurate

　　大學六級考試英語閱讀習題答案

　　CDADB

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