六級英語閱讀沖刺練習題1

　　An alternative to the market system is administrative control by some agency over alltransactions. This agency will issue edicts or commands as to how much of each good andservice should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planningmay be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan, drawn up by thegovernment, shows the amounts of each commodity produced by the various firms andallocated to different households for consumption. This is an example of complete planning ofproduction, consumption, and exchange for the whole economy.

　　In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition;every person’s place within the economic system is fixed by parentage, religion, and custom.Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group orcaste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter,care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decisionis made on the basis of tradition alone, progress may be difficult to achieve. A stagnantsociety may result.

　　六級英語閱讀沖刺練習題選項

　　1.What is the main purpose of the passage?

　　A.To outline contrasting types of economic systems.

　　B.To explain the science of economics.

　　C.To argue for the superiority of one economic system.

　　D.To compare barter and money-exchange markets.

　　2.In the second paragraph, the word “real” in “real goods” could best be replacedby ___,

　　A.high quality

　　B.concrete

　　C.utter

　　D.authentic.

　　3.According to the passage, a barter economy can generate ___.

　　A.rapid speed of transactions.

　　B.misunderstandings.

　　C.inflation

　　D.difficulties for the traders.

　　4.According to the passage, who has the greatest degree of control in theadministered system?

　　A.Individual households

　　B.Small businesses.

　　C.Major corporations.

　　D.The government.

　　5.Which of the following is not mentioned by the author as a criterion fordetermining a person’s position in a traditional society?

　　A.Family background

　　B.Age

　　C.Religious beliefs.

　　D.Custom

　　六級英語閱讀沖刺練習題答案

　　ABDDB

　　六級英語閱讀沖刺練習題2

　　The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spendingtheir money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Privatebusinessmen, striving to make profits, produce these goods and services in competition withother businessmen; and the profit motive, operating under competitive pressures, largelydetermines how these goods and services are produced. Thus, in the American economic systemit is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximizeprofits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine whatshall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.

　　An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumerdemands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, thismechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in responseto relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is inshort supply relative to the demand, the price will be bid up and some consumers will beeliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results inreducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which inturn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is theregulating mechanism in the America economic system.

　　The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individual are allowed to ownproductive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain controlover natural resources, and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the Americaneconomy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productiveresources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or tomake a free contract with another private individual.

　　六級英語閱讀沖刺練習題選項

　　1.In Para. 1, “ the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes” means ___.

　　A.Americans never feel satisfied with their incomes.

　　B.Americans tend to overstate the amount of their incomes.

　　C.Americans want to have their incomes increased.

　　D.Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes.

　　2.The first two sentences in the second paragraph clarity the idea to us that ___.

　　A.producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production.

　　B.consumers can express their demands through producers.

　　C.producers decide the prices of products.

　　D.supply and demand regulate prices.

　　3.The word “embraces” in Para. 3 probably parallels ___.

　　A.enfold

　　B.hug

　　C.comprehend

　　D.support

　　4.According to the passage, a private-enterprise economy is characterized by ___.

　　A.private property and rights concerned.

　　B.manpower and natural resources control.

　　C.ownership of productive resources

　　D.free contracts and prices.

　　5.The passage is mainly talking about ___.

　　A.how American goods are produced.

　　B.how American consumers buy their goods.

　　C.how American economic system works.

　　D.how American businessman make their profits.

　　六級英語閱讀沖刺練習題答案

　　DDCAC