六級英語閱讀真題練習1

　　Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to elicit assistance from others(as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help.Vocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention. So, itappears, there must be something special about tears themselves.

　　Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviatingstress. University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition oftears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicalsare found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because ofexposure to cut onion would contain no such substance.

　　Researchers at several other institutions are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means ofdiagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs.

　　At Tulane University’s Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr. Peter Kastl and his colleagues report thatthey can use tears to detect drug abuse and exposure to medication (藥物), to determinewhether a contact lens fits properly of why it may be uncomfortable, to study the causes of“dry eye” syndrome and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposureto environmental pollutants.

　　At Columbia University Dr. Liasy Faris and colleagues are studying tears for clues to thediagnosis of diseases away from the eyes. Tears can be obtained painlessly without invading thebody and only tiny amounts are needed to perform highly refined analyses.

　　六級英語閱讀真題練習

　　31. It is known from the first paragraph that ________.

　　A) shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to American

　　B) crying may often imitate people or even result in tragedy

　　C) crying usually wins sympathy from other people

　　D) one who sheds tears in public will be blamed(A)

　　32. What does “both those responses to tears” (Line 5, Para, 1) refer to?

　　A) Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.

　　B) The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.

　　C) The tear shedder’s apology and the observer’s effort to stop the crying.

　　D) Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears.(C)

　　33. “Counterproductive” (Lines 5, Para, 1) very probably means “________”.

　　A) having no effect at all

　　B) leading to tension

　　C) producing disastrous impact

　　D) harmful to health(D)

　　34. What does the author say about crying?

　　A) It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.

　　B) It must have a role to play in man’s survival.

　　C) It is meant to get attention and assistance.

　　D) It usually produces the desired effect.(B)

　　35. What can be inferred from the new studies of tears?

　　A) Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.

　　B) Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.

　　C) Emotional tears can give rise to “dry eye” syndrome in some cases.

　　D) Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears.

　　六級英語閱讀真題練習答案

　　31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A

　　六級英語閱讀真題練習1

　　It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard.

　　However, hard training breaks you down and makes you weaker, it is rest that makes youstronger.

　　Improvement only occurs during the rest period following hard training. This adaptation isaccomplished by improving efficiency of the heart and certain systems within the musclecells.

　　During recovery periods these systems build to greater levels to compensate for the stressthat you have applied. The result is that you are now at a higher level of performance.

　　If sufficient rest is not included in a training program, imbalance between excess trainingand inadequate rest will occur, and performance will decline. The “overtraining syndrome(綜合癥)” is the name given to the collection of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptomsdue to overtraining that has persisted for weeks to months. It is marked by cumulativeexhaustion that persists even after recovery periods.

　　The most common symptom is fatigue. This may limit workouts and may be present at rest.The athletes may also become moody, easily imitated, have altered sleep patterns, becomedepressed, or lose the competitive desire and enthusiasm for the sport. Some will reportdecreased appetite and weight loss. Physical symptoms include persistent muscular soreness,increased frequency of viral (病毒性的) illnesses, and increased incidence of injuries.

　　The treatment for the overtraining syndrome is rest. The longer the overtraining has occurred,the more rest required, therefore, early detection is very important. If the overtraining hasonly occurred for a short period of time (e.g. 3-4 weeks) then interrupting training for 3-5 daysis usually sufficient rest. It is important that the factors that lead to overtraining be identifiedand corrected. Otherwise, the overtraining syndrome is likely to recur. The overtrainingsyndrome should be considered in any athlete who manifests symptoms of prolonged fatigueand whose performance has leveled off or decreased. It is important to exclude anyunderlying illness that may be responsible for the fatigue.

　　六級英語閱讀真題練習

　　36. The first paragraph of the passage tells us that ________.

　　A) the harder an athlete trains, the better his performance will be

　　B) rest after vigorous training improves an athlete’s performance

　　C) strict systematic training is essential to an athlete’s top performance

　　D) improvement of an athlete’s performance occurs in the course of training

　　37. By “overtraining” the author means ________.

　　A) a series of physical symptoms that occur after training

　　B) undue emphasis on the importance of physical exertion

　　C) training that is not adequately compensated for by rest

　　D) training that has exceeded an athlete’s emotional limits

　　38. What does the passage tell us about the “overtraining” syndrome?

　　A) It occurs when athletes lose interest in sports.

　　B) It appears right after a hard training session.

　　C) The fatigue it results in is unavoidable in the athlete’s training process.

　　D) It manifests itself in fatigue which lingers even after a recovery period

　　39. What does the phrase “level off” (Line 5, Para. 4) most probably mean?

　　A) Slow down.

　　B) Become dull.

　　C) Stop improving.

　　D) Be on the decline

　　40. The author advises at the end of the passage that ________.

　　A) overtraining syndrome should be treated as a serious illness

　　B) overtraining syndrome should be prevented before it occurs

　　C) an athlete with overtraining syndrome should take a lengthy rest

　　D) illness causing fatigue should not be mistaken for overtraining syndrome

　　六級英語閱讀真題練習答案

　　36. B 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. D