2)某人說的話，能夠集中表達一個事實或觀點時，如"If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much." said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor.

　　2. 小括號

　　小括號()中間加一個漢語注釋，非常容易引起大家的注意。此處就不贅述。我們還是通過真題舉例來看具體考察情況吧。

　　3.真題練習：

　　例1：

　　Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction."(2010, 6, cet4)8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______.

　　【答案】had an Internet Addiction

　　【解析】首先分析結構可知，本空所填內容是充當that賓語從句的謂語，主句的admitted表明謂語應用過去時。原文提到Toebe在雅虎的一個上網成癮群里發了一條消息，引號中的內容為這條小的的主題：“我有網癮”。由此可知，Toebe承認自己“上網成癮”。故答案根據時態要求進行修改為：had an Internet Addiction.

　　例2：

　　Of course, all these predictions come with a scientific health warning. Harvard professor Steven Pinker says: “This is an invitation to look foolish, as with the predictions of domed cities and nuclear-powered vacuum cleaners that were made 50 year ago.”(2008.6, cet6)2. According to Harvard professor Steven Pinker, predictions about the future_____. A. may invite trouble

　　B. may not come true

　　C. will fool the public

　　D. do more harm than good

　　【答案】B

　　【解析】

　　本題的關鍵是對引號中的an invitation to look foolish的正確理解，這是Steven Pinker教授對預測的一種比喻，實際上是指題干中出現的predictions about the future。教授認為，對未來的這些預測就像一封愚蠢的邀請函一樣，說明他不相信這些預測能夠實現。后面提到的兩個例子——拱形城市和核動力真空吸塵器——都是沒有實現的預測。這更證明了教授對這些預測的可信度表示懷疑。

　　例3：

　　The use of deferential (敬重的) language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she “treads softly (謹言慎行)in the world,” elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form.

　　57. The first paragraph describes in detail ________.

　　A. the standards set for contemporary Japanese womenB. the Confucian influence on gender norms in JapanC. the stereotyped role of women in Japanese familiesD. the norms for traditional Japanese women to follow
【答案】D

　　【解析】

　　考點出處是第一段的總述話語，它介紹了日本女性在說話時使用敬語是女性完美標準的象征，其后面幾句是對這種保守性別規范下女性美德的詳細描述，所以正確答案為D。

　　For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龜) have struggled out of the sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to hand-carry the hatchlings (幼龜) down to the water’s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. A formidable wall of bureaucracy has been erected to protect their prime nesting on the Atlantic coastlines. With all that attention paid to them, you’d think these creatures would at least have the gratitude not to go extinct.

　　But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report by the Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species ofNorth Atlanticturtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. TheSouth Floridanesting population, the largest, has declined by 50% in the last decade, according to Elizabeth Griffin, a marine biologist with the environmental group Oceana. The figures prompted Oceana to petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for theNorth Atlanticloggerheads from “threatened” to “endangered”—meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help.

　　Which raises the obvious question: what else do these turtles want from us, anyway? It turns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years spend in the ocean. “The threat is from commercial fishing,” saysGriffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long line fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles.

　　Of course, like every other environmental issue today, this is playing out against the background of global warming and human interference with natural ecosystems. The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans warm. Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived the dinosaurs (恐龍) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how creature so ugly could have won so much affection.

　　1. What constitutes a major threat to the survival of turtles according to Elizabeth Griffin?

　　A. Their inadequate food supply.

　　B. Unregulated commercial fishing.

　　C. Their lower reproductive ability.

　　D. Contamination of sea water.

　　2. The last sentence of the passage is meant to ________.

　　A. persuade human beings to show more affection for turtlesB. stress that even the most ugly species should be protectedC. call for effective measures to ensure sea turtles’ survivalD. warn our descendants about the extinction of species
【答案】1.B 2.C

　　【解析】

　　1. 原文出處：“The threat is from commercial fishing,” saysGriffin. Trawlers (which drag large nets through the water and along the ocean floor) and long line fishers (which can deploy thousands of hooks on lines that can stretch for miles) take a heavy toll on turtles.

　　文中引用Griffin的話指出，真正的威脅來自商業捕撈;接下來的一句話進一步補充說明，拖撈船和多鉤長線漁船對海龜的生存來說是嚴重的威脅。

　　2. 原文出處：Ultimately we must get a handle on those issues as well, or a creature that outlived thedinosaurs (恐龍) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how creature so ugly could have won so much affection.

　　文中指出，人類必須同時解決好這些問題，否則海龜將會毀滅在人類的手中;還提到，也許我們的子孫后代會感到疑惑：為什么如此丑陋的生物會獲得如此多的寵愛?這里的“寵愛”指人類采取措施保護海龜免遭滅絕的做法，即末句實際上是在呼吁人類采取有效措施來保護海龜，確保它們能夠生存下去。