寫作指導

　　 這是一篇帶有新聞綜述性質的記敘文，又是熱門話題。既然有新聞性質，就應該具有新聞的一些特點如背景的介紹，過程的描述，最后加上作者的評價，當然實效性也不可缺。本文的行文大致如此。應該說，記敘文比說明文和議論文都容易寫一點。因為說明文牽涉到對說明對象的全面、準確把握，稍有疏漏，便易偏題;而議論文又需要有嚴格的格式，一般分為引論，本論，結論三部分。但真正寫好一篇記敘文也非易事，因為“平中見奇”也難。特別是象這種需要一些具體數字作為文章必不可少內容的文章，更需要平時注意看新聞，關心國家大事，才能寫得比較合乎情理，符合實際。

　　本文由三段組成，每段的基本內容都在要求中給出了中心句，有所依據，寫時注意不能太多任意發揮。

　　 范文中，作者第一段寫了 98洪水造成的損失，包括受災面積、傷亡人數，經濟損失以及受災最為嚴重的省份。作者用了一系列數字，給人以清楚明了，可信之感。一些用詞如claimed, deluge等，都用得非常貼切、地道。第二段寫了江主席及黨中央對受災地區和人民的關心以及廣大軍民奮戰洪水的經過，最后取得抗洪救災的勝利。最后一段著手揭示了抗洪勝利的意義和留給我們的啟示。作者主要從三個方面加以闡述。首先指出了它對維護社會安定團結和保障改革開放順利進行具有極其重要的意義，這是從整體上來說的。其次又從政治上指明了這一勝利反映了中國共產黨領導下的人民軍隊的團結和力量以及社會主義的優越性。最后又指出了中國共產黨領導下的中國人民和人民軍隊是不可戰勝的，中國的二十一世紀是充滿前途和希望的。結尾顯得極具號召性，鼓舞人心。雖然第三段內容較多，但作者對內容的合理安排使得讀起來非常流暢，絲毫不拖泥帶水。

　　注意作者為了內容的需要，運用了不少大詞，使用了較多長句，這是內容決定形式的需要，值得我們借鑒。

　　Sample Writing ?

　　The 1998 Summer Flood?

　　The calamitous floods this year claimed the lives of more than three thousand

　　people, 1,320 being killed along the Yangtse River. The deluge in the summer flooded 21million hectares of land in 29 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities. Direct economiclosses caused by the floods have hit 166.6 billion yuan (U.S.$20 billion). Jianxi, Hunan, Hubei,Heilongjang and Jilin provinces and the Inner Mogolian Autonomous Region have suffered themost serious damages.?

　　President Jiang Zemin and the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCCP)were greatly concerned about the floods. President Jiang and other top leaders wentpersonally to the anti?flood front and directed troops and civilians to fight against the floods.Jiang ordered the troops to give their all to safeguard the dykes. The battle against thesummer flood involved 8 million people and 274,000 soldiers and armed police. Soldiers andlocal residents battled courageously and worked tenaciously to hold back raging flood watersand achieved an ultimate victory. They protected the safety of levees, major cities along therivers and main railway lines and saved untold lives. As President Jiang said, “We havesuccessfully waged a ‘People's War' in advance of the new century.”?

　　The monumental success will have far?reaching significance in terms of helping to maintainthe social stability required by reform, opening up and modernization construction. Thevictory has once again clearly revealed the cohesiveness and tenacity of the forces of theCommunist Party of China and its leaders, the superiority of socialism and the reliability ofour army. The victory over the 1998 summer flood also shows that the Chinese people andarmy, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, is invincible. They can overcomeany difficulties and hardships to win successes in advance of the new century.