【析句】復(fù)合句。主句是the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, 其后是since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。重點(diǎn)看從句，it is expected中，it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。

　　2. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production andlower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higherwages, more leisure, and improved living standards.(1990. 閱讀. Text 1)

　　【譯文】工會(huì)發(fā)言人也強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)，由于自動(dòng)化實(shí)現(xiàn)的生產(chǎn)擴(kuò)大、成本降低所帶來(lái)的利益，應(yīng)該通過(guò)提高工資，增加休假時(shí)間，提高生活水平等形式與工人們分享。

　　【析句】英語(yǔ)中抽象名詞的使用十分廣泛。主句union spokeman emphasize,emphasize后是that賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句的句子主干是the benefit of the increased production and lower costs should beshared by workers...,主語(yǔ)the benefit of the incresed production and lower costs包含多個(gè)抽象名詞，使行文較為簡(jiǎn)練。

　　3. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financialinterest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installationsso as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignment. (1990. 閱讀. Text 1)

　　【譯文】要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，因?yàn)樵撚?jì)劃中的雇主在防止失業(yè)時(shí)有直接的財(cái)務(wù)利益，他會(huì)非常積極地去計(jì)劃安裝新的設(shè)備以盡最大可能減少工作和工作分派中遇到的問(wèn)題。

　　【析句】復(fù)合句。主句It is emphasized,it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的that從句。從句中，首先是since引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，the employer has a direct financial interest in...,之后是主句he will havea strong drive for...so as to...，so as to作介詞短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)。

　　1. All high school graduates ought to go to college, says conventional wisdom andstatistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people,and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go. (1990. 閱讀. Text 2)

　　【譯文】根據(jù)傳統(tǒng)的聰明做法和大量的數(shù)據(jù)證明，所有高中生都應(yīng)上大學(xué)，這是因?yàn)椋c未上大學(xué)的學(xué)生相比，大學(xué)經(jīng)歷有利于幫助他們獲得更高的報(bào)酬，成為“更好”的人，并且學(xué)習(xí)如何做更負(fù)責(zé)任的公民。

　　【析句】復(fù)合句。主句says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence位于句子中間，并使用倒裝，起到強(qiáng)調(diào)says的賓語(yǔ)從句即所說(shuō)內(nèi)容的作用。因此我們重點(diǎn)分析省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句。從句中，主句All high school graduates ought to go to college, 后面是because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句college will helpthem earn more...more responsible citizens than those who don't go，原因主語(yǔ)從句中含有比較句結(jié)構(gòu)，those后是who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。

　　2. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a littleschooling is good, more has to be much better. (1990. 閱讀. Text 2)

　　【譯文】對(duì)于我們這些從小被教育要相信上學(xué)很好，上大學(xué)更好的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這種觀點(diǎn)無(wú)疑是異端邪說(shuō)。

　　【析句】句子很短，但包含多個(gè)從句。主句This is heresy to those of us,those of us是介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，其后有定語(yǔ)從句who have been brought up to believe,believe后是that賓語(yǔ)從句。而賓語(yǔ)從句中，if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句more has to be much better在后。

　　3. Middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growing groups in ourworking population-growing so fast that the industrial worker, that oldest child of theIndustrial Revolution, has been losing in numerical importance despite the expansion ofindustrial production. (1990. 閱讀. Text 3)

　　【譯文】社會(huì)中上層的雇員已經(jīng)成為就業(yè)人口中人數(shù)增長(zhǎng)最快的群體，其增長(zhǎng)速度之快，使得即使工業(yè)生產(chǎn)不斷擴(kuò)大，工業(yè)革命的最早產(chǎn)物-工業(yè)工人的數(shù)量也在急劇減少。

　　【析句】復(fù)合句。主句Middle-class and upper-class employees have been the fastest-growinggroups,破折號(hào)起到進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的作用。破折號(hào)后growing so fast that...中含有短語(yǔ)so...that從句。that從句中，主語(yǔ)the industrial worker后that oldest child of...作同位語(yǔ)。