The plan that Jefferson offered called for each county to be divided into "hundreds" and aschool built ineach hundred so conveniently located that all free boys and girls might attenddaily. For three years all children would receive free schooling, and any child might attend longerat private expense. Pupils would be taught reading, writing, and common arithmetic and becomeacquainted with Greek, Roman, English, and American history through the books used forreading. From each group of about ten elementary schools one boy"of the best and mostpromising genius and disposition" whose parents were too poor to continue his schoolingwould be chosen each year to proceed to one of the grammar schools serving several counties.He would be boarded and his tuition paid by the state. Other qualified students whose parentscould support their education also would be admitted to the grammar schools, where theywould be taught Latin, Greek, English grammar, geography, and advanced arithmetic. Afterone year, the least promising third of the state-supported scholars would be cut, and aftertwo years only one-"the best in genius and disposition"-would be allowed to continue at publicexpense for another four years. With twenty grammar schools proposed, Jefferson envisioned"twenty of the best geniuses selected from the rubbish annually". From this select group, eachgrammar school in alternate years would send the most promising scholar to the College ofWilliam and Mary to be educated, boarded, and clothed at state expense for three years. In asystem with twenty grammar schools, ten "public foundationers" would thus annually reach thepeak of the educational pyramid.

　　The contribution of Jefferson's plan was not equal universal education but a system by whichthe most talented children from whatever condition of society could be given an opportunityfor education. An "aristocracy of virtue and talent" thus could be recruited from all classes.Jefferson's interest in education rested on his conviction that the only way of preservingrepublican government and preventing those entrusted with political power from resorting totyranny was "to illuminate, as far as practicable, the minds of thepeople at large". Also, inorder to have the best laws and well-administered government, it was important that thosepersons "whom nature has endowed with genius and virtue" be liberally educated and calledto government service "without regard to wealth,birth or other accidental condition orcircumstance".

　　[1]杰弗遜不斷強調，如果不廣泛地教育民眾，共和國就不能保持長盛不衰。他贊成從最基層的初級教育著手。他高度贊揚教育對共和國政府的極度重要性。1778年l2月，他提出了“更普遍傳播知識”的計劃。

　　杰弗遜提出的這個計劃，要求每個縣劃分成若干“百人區”，每個“百人區”建一所學校。每所學校的位置要方便讓所有有時間的男孩女孩每天都能上學。所有的孩子都將接受3年免費教育，而且任何孩子都可以自費接受更長時間的教育。小學生要學習閱讀、寫作、普通算術，通過閱讀課的教材熟悉希臘、羅馬、英國和美國歷史。[2]每年從約10所小學中選出一個“資質、性情俱佳且最有前途”而父母卻無力為其支付更多教育費用的男孩，送到幾個縣共有的一所初級中學上學。州里會給他提供食宿和學費。其他合格的學生，如果父母能支付其學費，也可以進入初級中學就讀。他們在那里學習拉丁語、希臘語、英語語法、地理及高等數學。[3]一年后，政府資助的學生中最沒有前途的1/3會被淘汰掉，兩年后，只剩1/3“資質、性情最佳”的學生，可以靠公費再繼續學習4年。杰弗遜提議建20所初級中學，他希望“每年從垃圾堆里淘出20名最優秀的天才”。各中學隔年在這些淘選出來的人中把最有發展前途的學生送去威廉和瑪麗學院，政府特資助他們3年的教育、食宿及衣物。在這20所初級中學的體制下，每年有10名“政府獎學金獲得者”可以因此達到教育金字塔的頂端。

　　[4]杰弗遜計劃的貢獻不是為了普及教育，而是創立了一種讓最有天賦的兒童——不管這個兒童具有什么社會背景——都能得到教育機會的體制，從而使各階級都能產生“美德與才干兼具的貴族”。杰弗遜對教育的興趣根植于他的信念：[5]維護共和政府、防止那些被賦予政治權利的人實行專制的唯一辦法就是“最大可能地啟迪大眾的思想”。而且，要擁有最好的法律和管理良好的政府，重要的是讓那些“自然已賦予天賦與美德的人”在“不愛財富、出生或其他偶然因素或境況影響”的情況下去自由接受教育并為政府服務。

　　1.Jefferson advised that broad education for the people should startfrom________________.

　　2.Jefferson's plan was intended to help the most promising boysfrom__________________families.

　　3.How long would "the best in genius and disposition" study at the grammar school?

　　4.The contribution of Jefferson's plan was to set up a system to give all the mosttalented children_____________________.

　　5.Jefferson suggested that the only way to preserve republican government was toilluminate_________________.

　　1.[elementary schools]

　　[定位]根據題干中的broad education定位到第1段第l句。

　　解析：該句中的beginning at the bottom with與題目中的start from表意一致，因此答案為with后面的elementary schools.

　　2.[poor]

　　[定位]根據題干中的most promising定位到第2段第4句。

　　解析：原文提到每年有一個資質、性情俱佳且最有前途的男生受到資助。定語從句whose parents were toopoor...限定了獲得幫助的資格范圍，故答案為poor。

　　3.[Six years.]

　　[定位]根據題干中的the best in genius and disposition定位到第2段第7句。

　　解析：此題需要簡單的計算才能得出答案，原文該句提到after two years,...for another four years，由此可知,the best in genius and disposition一共要在grammar school接受6年的教育。

　　4.[an opportunity for education]

　　[定位]根據題干中的The contribution of Jefferson's plan和most talented Children定位到第3段首句。

　　解析：注意原文中的not...but結構，作者的側重點在but后，即“讓那些最有天賦的兒童不論來自何種背景都有受教育的機會”，原文是被動語態，此處只需填入given后面的內容即可。

　　5.[the minds of the people at large]

　　[定位]根據題干中的the only way, preserve republican government和illuminate定位到第3段第3句。

　　解析：該題的關鍵在于分析句子結構。原文that從句的主干是the only way... was to...， 題目只是把ofpreserving改為to preserve，答案為illuminate后面的賓語“the minds of the people at large”。