英語六級聽力短文聽寫解題原則
時間：
未知2
聽力
關于六級短文聽力
1、 結構：三篇文章，要求考生在四個選項中選出最符合原文的答案。每題1分，共10分(占710分中的10%)。
2、難度：難度年年上升，考生失分的重災區。短文部分由三篇文章構成，內容題材極為廣泛，不僅考察學生的理解能力，而且還有對信息的短期記憶能力和思維能力。
3、基本規則：視聽基本一致原則(根本原則);
順序出題原則(即題目順序和文章內容的進展是對應的);
首尾句原則(即首句和尾句處容易出題);
同義替換原則(選項的單詞和短語是原文中的同義或近義)
重點詞匯考點原則 (轉折關系詞匯、因果關系詞匯、最高級詞匯、情態動詞
等詞匯的后方信息更容易成為答案)
例題分析：2007年12月第一篇短文聽力(聽力音頻請見網站音頻鏈接)
26. A)To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.
B)To reform railroad management in western European countries.
C)To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.
D)To set up an express train network throughout Europe.
27. A)Major European airlines will go bankrupt.
B)Europeans will pay much less for traveling.
C)Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.
D)Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.
28. A)Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.
B)Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.
C)Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.
D)Traveling by train may be as quick as，or even quicker than by air.
29. A)In 1981. C)In 1990.
B)In 1989. D)In 2000.
In January 1989, the Community of European Railways presented their proposal for a high speed pan-European train network extending from Sweden to Sicily, and from Portugal to Poland by the year 2020. (第26題考點。注意train network在選項中反映)If their proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in Europe. Journeys between major cities will take half the time they take today.(第27題考點，注意half在選項中的反映) Brussels will be only one and a half hours from Paris. The quickest way to get from Paris to Frankfurt, from Barcelona to Madrid will be by train, not plane. When the network is complete, it will integrate three types of railway line: totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour, upgraded lines which allow for speeds up to 200 to 225 kilometers per hour, and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight. If businesspeople can choose between a three-hour train journey from city-center to city-center and a one-hour flight, they’ll choose the train, says an executive travel consultant. They won’t go by plane any more. If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.(第28題考點。說明短途的火車的優勢大于短途的飛機。請注意此處strike的含義為“罷工”) Since France introduced the first 260-kilometer-per-hour high speed train service between Paris and Lyons in 1981(第29題考點。), the trains have achieved higher and higher speeds. On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90% of their passengers to high speed trains. If people accept the Community of European Railways’ plan, the 21 century will be the new age of the train.
26. What is the proposal presented by the Community of European Railways?
27. What will happen when the proposal becomes a reality?
28. Why will business people prefer a three-hour train journey to a one-hour flight?
29. When did France introduce the first high speed train service?
Keys：DCDA
分析：
這是一篇標準的六級短文聽力，詞匯、主題、深度都要比四級高，但是破題方法卻如出一轍。
第26題：
本題是首題，所以當然對應原文的首句。除了視聽一致的使用外，原文中的high speed pan-European train network(泛歐洲高速火車網)被選項替換成了express train network throughout Europe(遍布歐洲的特快列車網絡)。這是同義替換原則的使用。Express在其他聽力題目中還有快遞的含義，請注意。
第28題：
本題目考察的是考生真正的聽力理解能力。原文：“If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.”(如果你計算航班飛行時間、辦理登機手續時間、往返機場時間，你會發現和坐火車比沒有任何區別。如果因為天氣、空中航班過多或罷工而導致飛機遲到，火車乘客會首先到達目的地。)這個長難句的意思就是說明：短途來講，火車更有優勢，更快。而選項考的就是這個分析能力。
第29題：來源：考試大
首先，請注意序數詞系列，諸如“first、last、finally”等，向來都是聽力考試中的關鍵詞匯。它們體現的是事實的順序，屬于一種強調的用法。全文的年代詞匯只有：1989、2020和1981，又由于這已經是最后一道題目了，所以綜合使用順序出題原則，當然對應最后出現的1981年。
關于六級復合式聽寫
六級聽寫概況：
聽寫共考十一題。八個單詞和三個句子。每個單詞得分為0.5%，每個句子得分2%。聽寫一共播讀三遍，其中第二遍時，每個句子讀完，會出現一分鐘的停頓。
六級聽寫能力概述：
聽寫，顧名思義，既聽又寫，它滲透在各種形式的語言活動中，是最常用到的基本功之一。聽寫測試要求考生把聽到的內容準確無誤地以筆頭的形式表達出來，雖無需考生自己遣詞造句，但由于牽涉到語言(聽力﹑單詞拼寫﹑篇章結構等)與非語言能力(如記憶力﹑速記等)提高聽寫能力，關鍵就是加強各種相關知識和技能的訓練。
1. 語言知識方面：
首先，必須提高聽力水平，熟悉英、美國家人士的說話發音的不同方式，語音語調;其次對于大綱中所列單詞和短語，不僅要認知，而且會熟練拼寫;這一點相當重要，很多同學在正式考試當中聽出來了單詞并準確定位出來意思，但是由于拼寫不過關導致遺憾丟分。另外，即便拼寫正確，又因為單復數、時態和大小寫而丟分也很多見。
2. 非語言能力方面：
在做聽寫填空的時候，我們應當有意識的加強我們的記憶和速記能力。有時候，同學們會發現：聽的內容都懂了，但由于記憶的問題或時間的問題沒寫下來，這是因為短時記憶力(short term memory)不夠。因此在平時的訓練中，應當有意識地不是以單個的詞而是以意群為單位進行理解和記憶。第一遍先試圖聽明白注意意思，第二遍寫出重點單詞或者句子，第三遍完成整個練習。在短暫的停頓空間，如果時間來不及，可以選用自己熟悉的縮寫形式或符號記錄，等以后有時間時再復原。這種速記能力也要靠平時的多練，才能獲得。
1、 結構：三篇文章，要求考生在四個選項中選出最符合原文的答案。每題1分，共10分(占710分中的10%)。
2、難度：難度年年上升，考生失分的重災區。短文部分由三篇文章構成，內容題材極為廣泛，不僅考察學生的理解能力，而且還有對信息的短期記憶能力和思維能力。
3、基本規則：視聽基本一致原則(根本原則);
順序出題原則(即題目順序和文章內容的進展是對應的);
首尾句原則(即首句和尾句處容易出題);
同義替換原則(選項的單詞和短語是原文中的同義或近義)
重點詞匯考點原則 (轉折關系詞匯、因果關系詞匯、最高級詞匯、情態動詞
等詞匯的后方信息更容易成為答案)
例題分析：2007年12月第一篇短文聽力(聽力音頻請見網站音頻鏈接)
26. A)To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.
B)To reform railroad management in western European countries.
C)To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.
D)To set up an express train network throughout Europe.
27. A)Major European airlines will go bankrupt.
B)Europeans will pay much less for traveling.
C)Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.
D)Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.
28. A)Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.
B)Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.
C)Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.
D)Traveling by train may be as quick as，or even quicker than by air.
29. A)In 1981. C)In 1990.
B)In 1989. D)In 2000.
In January 1989, the Community of European Railways presented their proposal for a high speed pan-European train network extending from Sweden to Sicily, and from Portugal to Poland by the year 2020. (第26題考點。注意train network在選項中反映)If their proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in Europe. Journeys between major cities will take half the time they take today.(第27題考點，注意half在選項中的反映) Brussels will be only one and a half hours from Paris. The quickest way to get from Paris to Frankfurt, from Barcelona to Madrid will be by train, not plane. When the network is complete, it will integrate three types of railway line: totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour, upgraded lines which allow for speeds up to 200 to 225 kilometers per hour, and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight. If businesspeople can choose between a three-hour train journey from city-center to city-center and a one-hour flight, they’ll choose the train, says an executive travel consultant. They won’t go by plane any more. If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.(第28題考點。說明短途的火車的優勢大于短途的飛機。請注意此處strike的含義為“罷工”) Since France introduced the first 260-kilometer-per-hour high speed train service between Paris and Lyons in 1981(第29題考點。), the trains have achieved higher and higher speeds. On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90% of their passengers to high speed trains. If people accept the Community of European Railways’ plan, the 21 century will be the new age of the train.
26. What is the proposal presented by the Community of European Railways?
27. What will happen when the proposal becomes a reality?
28. Why will business people prefer a three-hour train journey to a one-hour flight?
29. When did France introduce the first high speed train service?
Keys：DCDA
分析：
這是一篇標準的六級短文聽力，詞匯、主題、深度都要比四級高，但是破題方法卻如出一轍。
第26題：
本題是首題，所以當然對應原文的首句。除了視聽一致的使用外，原文中的high speed pan-European train network(泛歐洲高速火車網)被選項替換成了express train network throughout Europe(遍布歐洲的特快列車網絡)。這是同義替換原則的使用。Express在其他聽力題目中還有快遞的含義，請注意。
第28題：
本題目考察的是考生真正的聽力理解能力。原文：“If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.”(如果你計算航班飛行時間、辦理登機手續時間、往返機場時間，你會發現和坐火車比沒有任何區別。如果因為天氣、空中航班過多或罷工而導致飛機遲到，火車乘客會首先到達目的地。)這個長難句的意思就是說明：短途來講，火車更有優勢，更快。而選項考的就是這個分析能力。
第29題：來源：考試大
首先，請注意序數詞系列，諸如“first、last、finally”等，向來都是聽力考試中的關鍵詞匯。它們體現的是事實的順序，屬于一種強調的用法。全文的年代詞匯只有：1989、2020和1981，又由于這已經是最后一道題目了，所以綜合使用順序出題原則，當然對應最后出現的1981年。
關于六級復合式聽寫
六級聽寫概況：
聽寫共考十一題。八個單詞和三個句子。每個單詞得分為0.5%，每個句子得分2%。聽寫一共播讀三遍，其中第二遍時，每個句子讀完，會出現一分鐘的停頓。
六級聽寫能力概述：
聽寫，顧名思義，既聽又寫，它滲透在各種形式的語言活動中，是最常用到的基本功之一。聽寫測試要求考生把聽到的內容準確無誤地以筆頭的形式表達出來，雖無需考生自己遣詞造句，但由于牽涉到語言(聽力﹑單詞拼寫﹑篇章結構等)與非語言能力(如記憶力﹑速記等)提高聽寫能力，關鍵就是加強各種相關知識和技能的訓練。
1. 語言知識方面：
首先，必須提高聽力水平，熟悉英、美國家人士的說話發音的不同方式，語音語調;其次對于大綱中所列單詞和短語，不僅要認知，而且會熟練拼寫;這一點相當重要，很多同學在正式考試當中聽出來了單詞并準確定位出來意思，但是由于拼寫不過關導致遺憾丟分。另外，即便拼寫正確，又因為單復數、時態和大小寫而丟分也很多見。
2. 非語言能力方面：
在做聽寫填空的時候，我們應當有意識的加強我們的記憶和速記能力。有時候，同學們會發現：聽的內容都懂了，但由于記憶的問題或時間的問題沒寫下來，這是因為短時記憶力(short term memory)不夠。因此在平時的訓練中，應當有意識地不是以單個的詞而是以意群為單位進行理解和記憶。第一遍先試圖聽明白注意意思，第二遍寫出重點單詞或者句子，第三遍完成整個練習。在短暫的停頓空間，如果時間來不及，可以選用自己熟悉的縮寫形式或符號記錄，等以后有時間時再復原。這種速記能力也要靠平時的多練，才能獲得。