四級段落匹配題專項訓(xùn)練題原文

　　You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Addicted, Really?

　　A. Mental-health specialists disagree over whether to classify compulsive online behaviour as addiction---and how to treat it. Craig Smallwood, a disabled American war veteran, spent more than 20,000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called "Lineage II". When NCsoft, the South Korean firm behind the game, accused him of breaking the game's rules and banned him, he was plunged into depression, severe paranoia (偏執(zhí)) and hallucinations (幻想). He spent three weeks in hospital. After that, he sued NCsoft for fraud and negligence (過失 ), demanding over $ 9m in damages and claiming that the company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become "addicted" to the game.

　　B. But does it make sense to talk of addiction to online activity? Mental-health specialists say three online behaviors can become problematic for many people: video games, pornography ( 色情作品 ) and messaging via e-mail and social networks. But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called "Internet addiction"--or how to treat it.

　　C. Some mental-health specialists wanted "Internet addiction" to be included in the fifth version of psychiatry's bible, the"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders", known as DSM-V, which is currently being overhauled (全面修訂). The American Medical Association endorsed (贊成) the idea in 2007, only to backtrack( 放棄) days later. The American Journal of Psychiatry called Internet addiction a "common disorder" and supported its recognition. Last year the DSM-V drafting group made its decision: lnteruet addiction would not be included as a "behavioral addiction"--only gambling made the cut--but it said further study was necessary.

　　D. Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet. Back in 2000, Joseph Walther, a communications professor at Michigan State University, co-wrote an article in which he suggested, tongue in cheek, that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were "addicted" to academia (學(xué)術(shù)活動). He argued that other factors, such as depression, are the real problem.

　　He stands by that view today. "No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that lnternet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue," he says. "Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction, rather than looking for underlying clinical issues, is definitely unwise."

　　E. Others disagree. "That would be wrong," says Kimberly Young, a researcher and therapist who has worked on Interact addiction since 1994. She insists that the Internet, with its powerfully immersive environments, creates new problems that people must learn to navigate(應(yīng)對). Otherwise, the changing lifestyle will affect the development of the society.

　　F.No one disputes that online habits can turn toxic. Take South Korea, where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student plays video games for 23 hours each week. In 2007 the government estimated that around 210,000 children needed treatment for Internet addiction. In 2010 newspapers around the globe carried the story of a South Korean couple who fed their infant daughter so little that she starved to death. Instead of caring for the child, the couple spent most nights at an Internet cafe, sinking hours into a role- playing game in which they raised, fed and cared for a virtual daughter. And several South Korean men have died from exhaustion after marathon, multi-day gaming sessions.

　　G. The South Korean government has since asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew (宵禁) for children, to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 a.m. At the same time, it has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an "Internet rescue camp" for serious cases.

　　H. But compulsive behaviour is not limited to garners. E-mail or web-use behaviours can also show signs of addiction. Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters. A deluge (泛濫) of self-help books, most recently "Alone Together" by Sherry Turlde, a social scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, offer advice on how to unplug (去除障礙).

　　I.Pornography is hardly new, either, but the Internet makes accessing it much easier than ever before. When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband, whether it is a game world, an e-mail inbox or pornographic material, it is harder to resist. New services lead to new complaints. When online auction sites first became popular, talk of "eBay addiction" soon followed. Dr. Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebook--or even to "FarmVille", a game playable only within Facebook.

　　J.Treatment centres have popped up around the world with the popularity of online games. In 2006 Amsterdam's Smith & Jones facility billed itself as "the first and, currently, the only residential video-game treatment program in the world". In America the reSTART Internet Addiction Recovery Program claims to treat Internet addiction, gaming addiction, and even "texting addiction". In China, meanwhile, military-style "boot camps" are the preferred way to treat Internet problems.

　　K. Yet many people like feeling permanently connected. As Arikia Millikan, an American blogger, once put it, "If I could be jacked in at every waking hour of the day, I would, and I think a lot of my peers would do the, same." Bob LaRose, an Internet specialist at Michigan State University, doesn't believe her. In his research on college students, he found that most sense when they are "going overboard and restore self-control". Less than1% have a pathological(病態(tài)的) problem, he adds. For most people, Internet use "is just a habit--and one that brings us pleasure."

　　四級段落匹配題專項訓(xùn)練題選項

　　46. According to Joseph Walther, it is unwise to emphasize the treatment of Internet addiction instead of seeking for potential clinical issues.

　　47. As online games become popular, treatment centres have sprung up all over the world.

　　48. After playing online games continuously for days, several South Korean men were exhausted to death.

　　49. Smallwood sued NCsoft and claimed a huge compensation for fraud and its negligence of warning him of the danger of game addiction.

　　50. In South Korea, a gaming curfew for children was adopted to prevent children playing after midnight.

　　5l. Internet addiction still needs to be further studied though the DSM-V did not categorize it as a "behavioral addiction".

　　52. An lnternet specialist found that most college students could realize when they are going too far and restore self-control.

　　53. According to mental-health specialists, for many people, video games, pornography and messaging via e-mail and social networks can become problematic online behaviors.

　　54. People regard it as a small miracle if nobody takes out a phone to read the messages at a business lunch.

　　55. Kimberly Young insists that people must learn to deal with new problems brought about by the Interact.

　　四級段落匹配題專項訓(xùn)練題答案

　　46.D

　　解析：題干意為，根據(jù)JosephWalther所說，只關(guān)注對上網(wǎng)成癮的治療，而不尋找其潛在的臨床問題，這是不明智的。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息Joseph Walther、unwise、instead of和potential clinicalissues，文中論及JosephWalther教授觀點的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在D段，該段倒數(shù)第二句提到，Walther教授認(rèn)為尚無科學(xué)依據(jù)證實網(wǎng)癮是由于使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，而不是由其他因素造成的。該段最后一句則提到，Walther教授認(rèn)為，如果只是關(guān)注和治療上網(wǎng)成癮，而不去尋找潛藏的臨床問題，這絕對是不明智的。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為D。

　　47.J

　　解析：題干意為，隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲變得流行，治療中心在全球各地不斷涌現(xiàn)。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息online games、popular和treatment centres。文中論及全球涌現(xiàn)治療中心的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在J段，該段首句提到，隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲的流行，治療中心在全球如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)。其中，題干中的spring up對應(yīng)原文中的popup，由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為J。

　　48.F

　　解析：題干意為，在數(shù)日不間斷地玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲之后，幾名韓國男性因精疲力竭而死。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息several South Korean men和exhausted。文中論及韓國人受到網(wǎng)癮危害的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在F段，該段第一句提到人們一致認(rèn)為上網(wǎng)成癮對人有害。該段最后一句則提到了幾名韓國男性多日持續(xù)沉浸于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，因疲勞過度而死亡的例子。由此可知，題于是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為F。

　　49.A

　　解析：題干意為，Smallwood以欺詐和疏于告知其可能游戲成癮的罪名控告NCsoft公司，并索取巨額的賠償。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息Smallwood、NCsoft和fraudanditsnegligence。文中論及Smallwood的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在A段，該段提到，Craig SmMlwood因違反游戲規(guī)則，被游戲開發(fā)商韓國NCsoft公司封停了游戲賬號，為此他極度抑郁，并陷入嚴(yán)重的偏執(zhí)和幻想中。該段最后一句提到，Smallwoo以欺詐和過失為由控告NCsoft公司，聲稱該公司沒有告誡他該游戲的“網(wǎng)癮”危害，要求獲得900多萬美元的賠償金。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為A。

　　50.G

　　解析：題干意為，在韓國實行了網(wǎng)游宵禁，以阻止兒童在午夜之后繼續(xù)玩網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息SouthKorea和gaming curfew。文中論及韓國實行網(wǎng)游宵禁的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在G段，該段第一句提到，韓國政府要求游戲開發(fā)商對兒童采取網(wǎng)游宵禁，禁止他們在午夜到早晨8點之間玩游戲。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為G。

　　51.C

　　解析：題干意為，盡管第五版的《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》沒有將網(wǎng)癮歸為“行為成癮”，但是這種現(xiàn)象仍然需要進(jìn)一步研究。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息lntemet addiction、further studied和behavioraladdiction。文中論及第五版的《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》如何界定網(wǎng)癮的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在c段。該段最后一句提到，去年，第五版《精神疾病診斷與統(tǒng)計手冊》編撰小組決定，網(wǎng)癮將不會被劃入“行為成癮”范疇——只有賭博行為被劃入此列——但是有必要對網(wǎng)癮進(jìn)一步展開研究。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為C。

　　52.K

　　解析：題干意為，一位互聯(lián)網(wǎng)專家發(fā)現(xiàn)大多數(shù)學(xué)生在意識到自己玩得太過火后，就會恢復(fù)自控。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息college students和restore self-control。文中論及大學(xué)生可以自控上網(wǎng)行為的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在K段，該段第四句提到，在對大學(xué)生展開的一項研究中，BobLaRose發(fā)現(xiàn)他們中的大多數(shù)人一旦感覺自己玩得太過火，就會恢復(fù)自控。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為K。

　　53.B

　　解析：題干意為，根據(jù)心理健康專家所說，對于很多人來說，玩電子游戲、瀏覽色情作品以及通過電子郵件和社會網(wǎng)絡(luò)收發(fā)信息這三種網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為可能會成為問題。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息mental-healthspecialists、video games、pornography and messagin9和problematic。文中論及這一事實的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在B段，該段第二句提到，心理健康專家認(rèn)為有三種網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為對很多人來說可能是問題性的(即容易停不下來)：玩電子游戲、瀏覽色情作品以及通過電子郵件和社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)收發(fā)信息。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為B。

　　54.H

　　解析：題干意為，在許多人看來，如果在一次商業(yè)午餐中，沒有人拿出手機(jī)查看信息，那這簡直是一個小的奇跡。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息miracle、a phone和a business lunch。文中論及商業(yè)午餐的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在H段。該段第三句提到，如果在一次商業(yè)午餐中，沒有人拿出手機(jī)查看信息，那么在許多人看來這都算是個小小的奇跡。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為H。

　　55.E

　　解析：題干意為，KimbedyYoung強(qiáng)調(diào)人們必須學(xué)會應(yīng)對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)引發(fā)的新問題。注意抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵信息Kimberly Young insists、new problems和the Intemet。文中論及Kimberly Young相關(guān)觀點的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)在E段，該段第三句提到，Youn9強(qiáng)調(diào)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)環(huán)境具有強(qiáng)大的吸引力，人們必須學(xué)會應(yīng)對由其引發(fā)的新問題。由此可知，題干是對原文的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故答案為E。